Process for the preparation of melamine
The invention is directed to a process for the preparation of melamine connected through a carbamate concentration unit, comprising a desorption column in which a gas stream, comprising ammonia, carbon dioxide and water is generated, with a process for the preparation of urea, comprising a heat exchanger wherein a urea containing stream is present, wherein the gas stream, comprising ammonia, carbon dioxide and water, is send to the heat exchanger, wherein heat is exchanged with the urea containing stream and the gas stream, comprising ammonia, carbon dioxide and water is cooled and at least partially condensed to obtain an ammonium carbamate solution that is send to the process for the preparation of urea.
1. Process for the preparation of melamine which comprises a melamine preparation zone connected to a urea preparation zone through a carbamate concentration zone, wherein the process comprises:
(a) generating a gas stream which is comprised of ammonia, carbon dioxide and water in a desorption column of the carbamate concentration zone,
(b) generating a urea-containing stream in the urea preparation zone;
(b) directing the gas stream and the urea-containing stream to a heat exchanger of the carbamate concentration zone, and
(c) heat-exchanging the gas stream and the urea-containing stream in the heat exchanger of the carbamate concentration zone so that heat is exchanged between the urea-containing and the gas stream to thereby heat the urea-containing stream and to cool and at least partially condense the gas stream to obtain an ammonium carbamate solution therefrom, and
(d) directing the ammonium carbamate solution from the heat exchanger to the urea preparation zone.
2. Process according to claim 1 , further comprising treating the ammonium carbamate solution in a condenser upstream of the urea preparation zone.
3. Process according to claim 1 , wherein the heat exchanger is an evaporator.
4. Process according to claim 1 , wherein the urea preparation zone comprises a urea reactor, and wherein the process comprises directing the ammonium carbamate solution from the heat exchanger to the urea reactor.
5. Process according to claim 4 , further comprising heating the ammonium carbamate solution before the ammonium carbamate solution is directed to the urea reactor in the urea preparation zone.
6. A process for the production of melamine comprising a melamine production zone, a urea production zone, and a carbamate concentration zone connecting the melamine and urea production zones, wherein the process comprises:
(a) generating in the melamine production zone a melamine-containing stream and a gaseous by-product stream comprising carbon dioxide, ammonia and water,
(b) generating a urea-containing stream in the urea production zone,
(c) directing the by-product stream to a desorption column in the carbamate concentration zone to remove water from the by-product stream and form a carbamate-containing stream,
(d) heat-exchanging the carbamate-containing stream and the urea-containing stream formed in the urea production zone in a heat exchanger upstream of the urea production zone so as to cool the carbamate-containing stream and heat the urea-containing stream,
(e) directing the cooled carbamate-containing stream from the heat exchanger to the urea production zone, and
(f) directing the heated urea-containing stream from the heat exchanger to the melamine production zone.
7. The process of claim 6 , wherein the heat exchanger is an evaporator, and wherein the urea-containing stream is concentrated in the evaporator by removal of water therefrom, the concentrated and heated urea-containing stream then being directed to the melamine production zone.