Dyed polymethyl methacrylate bone cement and process for its production
A dyed polymethyl methacrylate bone cement is described which is characterized by at least the surface of the polymer particles of the powder component being coated partially or completely with a mixture of one or several dyes and a hydrophobic, low molecular or oligomeric organic coupling agent, such a quantity of coupling agent being present that the polymer particles can be visually recognized as not having swollen.
1. Dyed polymethyl methacrylate bone cement comprised of a liquid and a powder component, wherein the powder component is comprised of polymer particles and the polymer particles have a surface, and wherein the surface of the polymer particles of the powder component is partially or completely coated with a mixture of one or several dyes and a hydrophobic low molecular or oligomeric organic coupling agent, the amount of coupling agent being an amount that will result in the polymer particles are being recognizable as not having swollen.
2. Dyed polymethyl methacrylate bone cement according to claim 1 wherein the powder component further comprises barium sulphate and/or zirconium oxide and the barium sulphate and/or zirconium oxide have a surface and the surface of the barium sulphate and/or zirconium oxide or the surfaces of all the components of the powder component are also partially or completely coated with a mixture of one or several dyes and a hydrophobic low molecular or oligomeric organic coupling agent.
3. Dyed polymethyl methacrylate bone cement according to claim 1 , wherein the dye or dyes are dissolved or suspended in the hydrophobic, low molecular or oligomeric organic coupling agent.
4. Dyed polymethyl methacrylate bone cement according to claim 1 , wherein the dye/dyes to hydrophobic, low molecular or oligomeric organic coupling agent has a mass ration of 1.0:0.1 to 1.0:10.0.
5. Dyed polymethyl methacrylate bone cement according to claim 1 , wherein said coupling agent is selected from the group consisting of oleic esters, and/or elaidic acid esters, linoleic acid esters, linolenic acid esters of aliphatic alcohols with 1 to 22 carbon atoms and oligomers of said esters.
6. Dyed polymethyl methacrylate bone cement according to claim 1 , wherein said coupling agent is selected from the group consisting of methacrylic acid esters or acrylic acid esters of the aliphatic alcohols with 4 to 16 carbon atoms and oligomers of said methacrylic acid esters or acrylic acid esters with a molecular weight of less than 3,000 g/mole.
7. Dyed polymethyl methacrylate bone cement according to claim 1 , wherein said coupling agent is selected from the group consisting of oleic acid, elaidic acid, linolenic acid, glycerine trioleate, glycerine elaidinate, glycerine trilinolenate, ethylene glycol dioleinate, ethylene glycol dielaidinate, ethylene glycol trilinolenate and their oligomers.
8. Dyed polymethyl methacrylate bone cement according to claim 1 , wherein said coupling agents are produced synthetically or partially synthetically and do not contain proteins or decomposition products of proteins.
9. Dyed polymethyl methacrylate bone cement according to claim 1 , wherein said coupling agent is selected from the group consisting of refined peanut oil, hardened linseed oil, hardened rapeseed oil and sunflower oil.
10. Dyed polymethyl methacrylate bone cement according to claim 1 , wherein the coupling agent contains free radical polymerizable double bonds.
11. Dyed polymethyl methacrylate bone cement according to claim 1 , wherein the mixture of coupling agent and the dye or the dyes is soluble in methyl methacrylate.
12. Dyed polymethyl methacrylate bone cement according to claim 1 , wherein said dyes are selected from the group consisting of chlorophyll, chlorophyllin, indigo, malachite green, crystal violet, brilliant blue, brilliant green, copper phthalocyanin, cobalt phthalocyanin, carotene, and vitamin B12.
13. Process for dyeing the polymer particles of the powder component of polymethyl methacrylate bone cement wherein the polymer particles or mixtures of polymer particles and an x-ray contrast agent or mixtures of polymer particles, x-ray contrast agent and an initiator are coated with a liquid or paste mixture of the dye or the dyes and a coupling agent by mixing in a temperature range of 0° C. to 50° C. in the presence of air or inert gas in such a way that the layer thickness of the mixture on the coated particles is less than 2 μm and that the coated particles are not caked together.