Power combiner/splitter
A distributed combiner/splitter having a first line formed of a first planar winding in a first conductive level and of a second planar winding in a second conductive level, and a second line formed of a third planar winding interdigited with the first winding in the first level, and of a fourth planar winding interdigited with the second winding in the second level, the windings having an increasing width from the outside to the inside.
1. A distributed combiner/splitter comprising:
a first line formed of a first planar winding in a first conductive level and of a second planar winding in a second conductive level; and
a second line formed of a third planar winding interdigited with the first winding in the first level, and of a fourth planar winding interdigited with the second winding in the second level, said windings having an increasing width from the outside to the inside.
2. The combiner/splitter of claim 1 , wherein:
a first capacitive element connects external ends of the first and third windings; and
a second capacitive element connects external ends of the second and fourth windings.
3. The combiner/splitter of claim 1 , wherein the windings constitutive of a same line wind in reverse directions.
4. The combiner/splitter of claim 1 , wherein a maximum width of the windings is selected according to a current acceptable by the combiner.
5. The combiner/splitter of claim 1 , wherein:
the first and third windings have a length difference of one quarter of a turn; and
the second and fourth windings have a length difference of one quarter of a turn.
6. The combiner/splitter of claim 2 , wherein the capacitive elements have values selected from a range between 0.1 and 10 picofarads.
7. The combiner/splitter of claim 6 , wherein the capacitive elements are lumped elements.
8. A method for manufacturing a combiner/splitter with two coupled lines, wherein the lines are made in the form of planar conductive windings of increasing width from the outside to the inside in two levels stacked up on each other, each of said lines comprising one of said windings in each of said levels and the two windings of a same plane being interdigited with each other.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein:
a first capacitive element is connected to connect first ends of the lines; and
a second capacitive element is connected to connect second ends of the lines.
10. The method of claim 8 , wherein central ends of the windings of each of said coupled lines are connected by a conductive via.
11. An electrical power combiner/splitter with distributed lines, comprising:
a first line including a first planar winding in a first conductive level and a second planar winding in a second conductive level; and
a second line including a third planar winding interdigitated with the first planar winding in the first conductive level and a fourth planar winding interdigitated with the second planar winding in the second conductive level, wherein said windings have an increasing width from outside to inside.
12. The power combiner/splitter of claim 11 , further comprising a first capacitive element connecting external ends of the first and third planar windings and a second capacitive element connecting external ends of the second and fourth planar windings.
13. The power combiner/splitter of claim 11 , wherein the first and second planar windings wind in opposite directions and wherein the third and fourth planar windings wind in opposite directions.
14. The power combiner/splitter of claim 11 , wherein the first and third planar windings have a length difference of one-quarter turn and wherein the second and fourth planar windings have a length difference of one-quarter turn.
15. The power combiner/splitter of claim 14 , wherein central ends of the first and second planar windings are connected by a first conductive via and wherein central ends of the third and fourth planar windings are connected by a second conductive via.
16. A method for manufacturing an electrical power combiner/splitter with two coupled lines, comprising:
forming a first line including a first planar winding in a first conductive level and a second planar winding in a second conductive level; and
forming a second line including a third planar winding interdigitated with the first winding in the first level and a fourth planar winding interdigitated with the second winding in the second level, wherein said windings are formed with an increasing width from outside to inside.
17. The method of claim 16 , further comprising connecting a first capacitive element to external ends of the first and third planar windings and connecting a second capacitive element to external ends of the second and fourth planar windings.
18. The method of claim 16 , further comprising connecting central ends of the first and second planar windings by a first conductive via and connecting central ends of the third and fourth planar windings by a second conductive via.