Type I interferon-inducible proteins to detect viral infection
A method for determining the presence of a viral infection in an animal not known to have been infected with a virus or other disease-causing microbial organism by determining the level of Mx protein or other Type I Interferon-inducible protein in the animal.
1. A method for screening an animal for being an asymptomatic carrier of a viral infection associated with increased expression of Mx protein comprising determining the level of expression of Mx protein in a first animal not known to have been infected with a virus or other disease-causing microbial organism and not showing any clinical signs consistent with a viral infection, and comparing the level of expression of said protein in the animal to that of a second animal of the same species known to be free of viral infection, and determining the first animal to be viral-infection positive if the level of expression of Mx protein in the first animal is significantly elevated compared to the level of expression of Mx protein in the second animal.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the first animal is a mammal.
3. The method of claim 2 wherein the mammal is a member of the order perissodactyla or artiodactyla.
4. The method of claim 3 wherein the mammal is selected from the group consisting of cattle, sheep, goats, horses, swine, and llamas.
5. The method of claim 2 wherein the mammal is a member of the order carnivora.
6. The method of claim 5 wherein the mammal is a member of the family of canidae or felidae.
7. The method of claim 2 wherein the mammal is a primate.
8. The method of claim 7 wherein the primate is a human.
9. The method of claim 1 wherein the level of expression of Mx protein is determined by determining the level of mRNA coding for Mx protein.
10. The method of claim 9 wherein the determination of mRNA is by Northern blot analysis, slot-blot analysis, or polymerase chain reaction.
11. The method of claim 1 wherein the level of expression of Mx protein is determined by determining the level of Mx protein.
12. The method of claim 11 wherein the determination of the level of Mx protein is by evaluating the binding of an antibody to the protein or by an assay based on a function of the protein.
13. The method of claim 12 wherein the level of Mx protein is detected by a colorimetric assay.
14. The method of claim 1 wherein the level of expression of the protein is determined by determining the expression of the protein in a cell of the animal.
15. The method of claim 1 wherein the level of expression of the protein is determined by analyzing a bodily fluid of the animal.