Fluoropolymer nanoparticle coating composition
A fluoropolymer coating composition contains a homogeneous mixture of crystalline submicron fluoropolymer particles dispersed in a solvent-borne solution of less crystalline or amorphous fluororesin. The composition may be prepared by blending a latex containing crystalline submicron fluoropolymer particles with a latex containing less crystalline or amorphous fluororesin particles, coagulating and drying the blended latices, and dissolving the dried blend in a solvent for the fluororesin particles. Quasi-homogenous compositions may be prepared by blending dry crystalline submicron fluoropolymer particles with a) dry less crystalline or amorphous fluororesin particles and a solvent for the fluororesin particles, or b) a solvent-borne solution of less crystalline or amorphous fluororesin. Rubbing the disclosed coatings can provide a thin, continuous or nearly continuous fluoropolymer surface layer atop a less crystalline or amorphous fluororesin binder containing crystalline submicron fluoropolymer particles.
1. A method for making a fluoropolymer coating composition, the method comprising:
blending a latex containing crystalline submicron fluoropolymer particles with a latex containing less crystalline or amorphous fluororesin particles:
coagulating and drying the blended lattices to form a dried blend; and
contacting the dried blend with a solvent that dissolves the fluororesin particles to form a dispersion of the fluoropolymer particles in a solvent-borne solution of fluororesin, wherein the solvent is selected from ketone, ether, ester, cyclic ester, or combination thereof.
2. A method according to claim 1 comprising coagulating the lattices by chilling.
3. A method according to claim 1 further comprising forming an applied layer by applying a layer of the dispersion to a support and hardening or curing the applied layer to form a hardened or cured layer.
4. A method according to claim 3 further comprising rubbing, buffing, polishing or otherwise disturbing the hardened or cured layer to form a thin, continuous or nearly continuous fluoropolymer surface layer atop a less crystalline or amorphous fluororesin binder layer containing crystalline submicron fluoropolymer particles.
5. A method according to claim 1 wherein the fluoropolymer particles comprise perfluoropolymer particles.
6. A method according to claim 1 wherein the fluoropolymer particles comprise a homopolymer of tetrafluoroethylene, polymer of tetrafluoroethylene and perfluoro(propyl vinyl ether) or polymer of tetrafluoroethylene and hexafluoropropylene.
7. A method according to claim 1 wherein the fluoropolymer particles have an average particle diameter between about 50 and about 200 nm.
8. A method according to claim 1 wherein the fluororesin comprises a fluorothermoplastic.
9. A method according to claim 1 wherein the fluororesin comprises polyvinylidene fluoride, a polymer of tetrafluoroethylene, hexafluoropropylene and vinylidene fluoride, a polymer of tetrafluoroethylene and vinylidene fluoride or a polymer of tetrafluoroethylene and hexafluoropropylene.
10. A method according to claim 1 wherein the dispersion comprises about 5 to about 60 weight percent fluoropolymer solids and about 95 to about 40 weight percent fluororesin solids, not counting solvent.
11. A method according to claim 1 wherein the dispersion is storage-stable such that it remains homogeneous when stored for at least one week at room temperature in a sealed container.
12. A method according to claim 11 wherein the dispersion remains homogeneous when stored for at least one month at room temperature in a sealed container.
13. A method according to claim 1 wherein the dispersion contains less than 10 wt. % of water or organic liquids that cannot alone dissolve the fluororesin.
14. A method according to claim 3 wherein the hardened or cured layer is a transparent, non-hazy coating.
15. A method according to claim 3 wherein the dispersion is sufficiently free of pigments or other opacifiers so as provide a transparent optical coating after hardening or curing.
16. A method according to claim 1 wherein the dispersion further comprises an adhesion promoting agent.
17. A method according to claim 16 wherein the adhesion promoting agent comprises an aminosilane.
18. A method according to claim 1 wherein the dispersion further comprises a crosslinker.
19. A method according to claim 1 wherein the dispersion further comprises a multi-(meth)acrylate or mono-(meth)acrylate derivative of hexafluoropropylene oxide.
20. A method according to claim 4 wherein the fluoropolymer surface layer is continuous.
21. A method according to claim 4 wherein the fluoropolymer surface layer has a micrometer- or nanometer-scale thickness dimension governed by the sizes and amounts of the fluoropolymer particles.
22. A method according to claim 4 wherein the fluoropolymer surface layer provides a low friction surface, hydrophobic surface, oleophobic surface or light management structure.
23. A method according to claim 22 wherein the light management structure is antireflective.
24. A method according to claim 4 wherein the fluoropolymer surface layer and fluororesin binder layer are substantially pigment- and opacifier-free and provide a transparent coating.
25. A method according to claim 4 wherein the fluoropolymer surface layer and fluororesin binder layer cover at least a portion of a display viewing surface that is susceptible to damage.