Inositol pyrophosphates, and methods of use thereof
The present invention comprises compounds, compositions thereof, and methods capable of delivering modified inositol hexaphosphate (IHP) comprising an internal pyrophosphate ring to the cytoplasm of mammalian cells. In certain embodiments, the present invention relates to compounds, compositions thereof, and methods that enhance the ability of mammalian red blood cells to deliver oxygen, by delivering IHP to the cytoplasm of the red blood cells.
1. A method of treating hypoxia or ischemia in a patient by exposing the red blood cells of the patient in need of treatment for ischemia with an effective amount of a composition comprising a compound represented by structure I:
nC + A n−
wherein:
C + represents independently for each occurrence an aliphatic ammonium cation, an alkali metal cation, an alkaline earth cation, or other suitable metal cation; and
A n− represents an inositol hexaphosphate comprising 1, 2, or 3 internal pyrophosphate rings or an acyl group; and
n is an integer in the range of 1 to 10 inclusive: and wherein the compound can passively cross the red blood cell membrane and cause a reduction of the oxygen affinity of hemoglobin.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the red blood cells are exposed to the effective amount of the composition in vitro.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the red blood cells are exposed to the effective amount of the composition in vivo.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein the inositol hexaphosphate comprises two internal pyrophosphate rings.
5. The method of claim 4 wherein the inositol hexaphosphate comprises three internal pyrophosphate rings.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the aliphatic ammonium cation is a lipophilic, water-soluble aliphatic ammonium cation.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the aliphatic ammonium cation is a monoalkyl, dialkyl, trialkyl, or tetralkyl ammonium moiety.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the aliphatic ammonium cation is an N,N-dimethylcyclohexylammonium cation.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the aliphatic ammonium cation is a monoalkyl ammonium cation.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the aliphatic ammonium cation is a primary ammonium cation.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein A is represented by the compound of Formula II,
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein C is sodium and n is 6.
13. The method of claim 3 , wherein the composition is administered orally.