Electrical energy generator
An electrical energy generator that converts kinetic energy harvested from voluntary motor activity of a human or animal to electrical energy. The electrical energy generator includes a housing, a coil of electrically conductive material, a reciprocally movable electromagnetically active mass, springs connecting the mass to either the housing or to adjustment means engaged with said housing, and, optionally, means for constraining non-linear motion of the electromagnetically active mass, and/or means of mitigating motion retardation of the electromagnetically active mass within any existing housing atmosphere. The electrical energy generator may be associated with a carried item, such as a backpack.
1. A electrical energy generator comprising:
a housing having a longitudinal axis;
electrically conductive material engaged about at least of portion of an exterior surface of said housing and extending along at least a portion of said longitudinal axis;
an electromagnetically active mass positioned within said housing, said mass reciprocally movable along at least a portion of said longitudinal axis;
a first spring having first and second ends, wherein one of said ends is engaged with said housing and one of said ends in engaged with said electromagnetically active mass;
a second spring having first and second ends, wherein one of said ends is engaged with said housing and one of said ends is engaged with said electromagnetically active mass; and
a means to mitigate motion retardation of said electromagnetically active mass within the housing.
2. The electrical energy generator of claim 1 , wherein said means to mitigate motion retardation of said electromagnetically active mass within the housing comprises:
(i) a sub-atmospheric pressure within said housing;
(ii) at least one aperture communicating between the interior of said housing and the external environment,
(iii) fluid connections between regions of said housing; or
(iv) a combination of two or more of (i), (ii), and (iii).
3. The electrical energy generator of claim 1 , wherein said housing comprises a cylinder or tube.
4. The electrical energy generator of claim 1 , wherein said electrically conductive material comprises an induction coil.
5. The electrical energy generator of claim 3 , wherein the entirety of said mass is adapted to pass through the entirety of said coil twice during a single reciprocation period.
6. The electrical energy generator of claim 4 , wherein said first and second springs comprise coil springs.
7. The electrical energy generator of claim 5 , wherein said first and second coil springs comprise extension springs.
8. The electrical energy generator of claim 5 , wherein said first and second coil springs comprise compression springs.
9. The electrical energy generator of claim 6 , wherein said electromagnetically active mass comprises at least one permanent magnet.
10. The electrical energy generator of claim 8 , wherein said electrical energy generator further comprises a shroud at least partially covering said induction coil, said shroud having a high magnetic permeability.
11. The electrical energy generator of claim 10 , wherein said shroud comprises a ferromagnetic material.
12. The electrical energy generator of claim 8 , wherein said electromagnetically active mass docs not comprise a permanent magnet; and said generator comprises a shroud at least partially covering said induction coil, wherein said shroud comprises a permanent magnet.
13. The electrical energy generator of claim 2 , wherein said means to mitigate motion retardation of said electromagnetically active mass within the housing comprises:
a sub-atmospheric pressure within said housing.
14. The electrical energy generator of claim 2 , wherein said means to mitigate motion retardation of said electromagnetically active mass within the housing comprises:
at least one aperture communicating between the interior of said housing and the external environment.
15. The electrical energy generator of claim 2 , wherein said means to mitigate motion retardation of said electromagnetically active mass within the housing comprises:
fluid connections between regions of said housing.
16. The electrical energy generator of claim 9 , wherein said means to mitigate motion retardation of said electromagnetically active mass within the housing comprises:
(i) a sub-atmospheric pressure within said housing;
(ii) at least one aperture communicating between the interior of said housing and the external environment,
(iii) fluid connections between regions of said housing; or
(iv) a combination of two or more of (i), (ii), and (iii).
17. The electrical energy generator of claim 13 , wherein said means to mitigate motion retardation (i) comprises partial or substantially complete evacuation of said housing.
18. The electrical energy generator of claim 15 , wherein said means to mitigate motion retardation (iii) comprises flutes in at least one of the electromagnetically active mass and said housing to prevent isolation of regions of the interior cavity of said housing.
19. The electrical energy generator of claim 1 , wherein said generator is in electrical connection with an electronic device.