Thermocouples

1. A thermocouple disposed on a substrate comprising:

a first leg of thermoelectric material;

a second leg of thermoelectric material, wherein at least one of the first and second legs is formed of a metallic bond coat; and

a thermocouple junction, wherein the first leg overlaps the second leg, electrically connecting the first leg and the second leg, wherein a height of the thermocouple junction is within 25% of a height of the first or second legs.

2. The thermocouple of claim 1 , wherein the thermocouple is embedded in an insulating layer.

3. The thermocouple of claim 1 , wherein the thermocouple is embedded in a thermal barrier coating.

4. The thermocouple of claim 1 , wherein the thermocouple junction is comprised of segments of two substantially parallel lines with Gaussian line profiles that are separated by a distance equal to a full width at half maximum of the line segments.

5. The thermocouple of claim 1 , wherein the thermocouple junction is a side-by-side thermocouple junction wherein a separation of center lines of the respective legs is about a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the respective legs.

6. The thermocouple of claim 1 , wherein the thermocouple junction is comprised of segments the first and second legs arranged to be substantially parallel and overlapping for electrical contact.

7. The thermocouple of claim 6 , wherein centerlines of the segments of the first and second legs are separated by a distance equal to a full width at half maximum of the segments.

8. A thermocouple wherein a thermocouple junction is formed by continuously varying a composition of a line over a portion of the line, forming a graded junction with substantially a height of a conducting line electrically coupled at the thermocouple junction, wherein the thermocouple is deposited into a groove such that a top surface of the thermocouple junction and the conducting line are substantially level with a surface of a substrate.

9. The thermocouple of claim 8 , wherein the thermocouple junction is formed from a first leg of thermoelectric material and a second leg of thermoelectric material, and the groove has a depth within about 25% of a height of the first leg or second leg.

10. A thermocouple disposed on a substrate comprising:

a first leg of thermoelectric material;

a second leg of thermoelectric material, wherein at least one of the first and second legs is formed of a metallic bond coat; and

a graded thermocouple junction formed of a continuously varying composition of the first leg and the second leg, electrically connecting the first leg and the second leg, wherein a height of the thermocouple junction is substantially a height of at least one of the first and second legs, wherein the thermocouple is embedded in an insulating layer.

11. A thermocouple disposed on a substrate comprising:

a first leg of thermoelectric material;

a second leg of thermoelectric material, wherein at least one of the first and second legs is formed of a metallic bond coat; and

a graded thermocouple junction formed of a continuously varying composition of the first leg and the second leg, electrically connecting the first leg and the second leg, wherein a height of the thermocouple junction is substantially a height of at least one of the first and second legs, wherein the thermocouple is embedded in a thermal barrier coating.