Composition and method for enhanced sanitation and oxidation of aqueous systems
Compositions and methods for their use are presented that substantially increase the rate of inactivation of microbiological organisms, especially those resistant to inactivation from free halogen based sanitizers, and oxidation of oxidation resistant organic based compounds in aqueous solution. Aquatic facilities susceptible to accumulation of organic N-chloramines, cyanuric acid and other oxidation resistant compounds, as well as oxidation resistant parasitic organisms such as cryptosporidium and Giardia, obtain dramatic improvements in the rate of oxidation and subsequent inactivation of these undesirable contaminants.
1. A method of removing organic contaminants in the water of an aquatic facility using in-situ generated sulfate free radicals, the method consisting of:
adding to water of an aquatic facility that is being used by swimmers/bathers, a transition metal catalyst selected from the group consisting of ruthenium, cerium, nickel, vanadium and combinations thereof, said transition metal catalyst is added to the aquatic facility in the form of ions derived from its elemental metal, in the form of an inorganic salt and/or in the form of a complex with an organic chelating agent, wherein said transition metal catalyst is added at a concentration to maintain a transition metal catalyst concentration of between about 5 ppb and about 1000 ppb measured as elemental metal in the water;
and subsequent to said addition of said transition metal catalyst to said water of said aquatic facility, adding a persulfate donor selected from the group consisting of: potassium monopersulfate, potassium persulfate, sodium persulfate and combinations thereof to the water of said aquatic facility,
wherein said process sustains a persulfate concentration of less than 2 ppm in said aquatic facility.
2. A method of removing organic contaminants in the water of an aquatic facility using in-situ generated sulfate free radicals, the method consisting of:
adding to water of an aquatic facility that is being used by swimmers/bathers, a transition metal catalyst selected from the group consisting of ruthenium, cerium, nickel, vanadium and combinations thereof, said transition metal catalyst is added to the aquatic facility in the form of ions derived from its elemental metal, in the form of an inorganic salt and/or in the form of a complex with an organic chelating agent, wherein said transition metal catalyst is added at a concentration to maintain a transition metal catalyst concentration of between about 5 ppb and about 500 ppb measured as elemental metal in the water;
preparing an aqueous solution of persulfate donor selected from the group consisting of: potassium monopersulfate, potassium persulfate, sodium persulfate and combinations thereof; and
feeding said aqueous solution of persulfate donor to said transition metal catalyst containing water of said aquatic facility;
wherein said process sustains a persulfate concentration of less than 2 ppm in said aquatic facility.
3. A method of removing organic contaminants in the water of an aquatic facility using in-situ generated sulfate free radicals, the method consisting of:
adding to water of an aquatic facility that is being used by swimmers/bathers, a transition metal catalyst selected from the group consisting of ruthenium, cerium, nickel, vanadium, and combinations thereof, said transition metal catalyst is added to the aquatic facility in the form of ions derived from elemental metal, in the form of an inorganic salt and/or in the form of a complex with an organic chelating agent, wherein said transition metal catalyst is added at a concentration to maintain a transition metal catalyst concentration of between about 5 ppb and about 500 ppb measured as elemental metal in the water;
preparing an aqueous solution of potassium monopersulfate and
feeding said aqueous solution of potassium monopersulfate to said transition metal catalyst containing water of said aquatic facility;
wherein said process sustains a persulfate concentration of less than 2 ppm in said aquatic facility.