Flow enhancement for underwater turbine
A flow enhancement improvement for an underwater turbine generator ( 10 ) is disclosed wherein a longitudinal hole ( 240 ) is disposed in the central area ( 26 ), typically a hub ( 20 ) of the generator ( 10 ), and a second, augmentor duct ( 41 ), preferably rigid, is disposed about the outer duct ( 40 ) or housing of the unit to create a slot ( 200 ) area. The slot ( 200 ) and hollow hub ( 20 ) create areas of smooth, laminar fluid flow. The leading edges of the hub ( 20 ) or central ring and the augmentor ( 41 ) and outer ducts ( 40 ) are elliptical to enhance the fluid dynamics of the structure.
1. An improved turbine generator including at least one blade and a housing disposed about said turbine, wherein the improvement comprises a slot defined by an outer surface of said housing and an inner surface of an augmentor disposed about said housing, said augmentor having an inlet and an outlet which are substantially similar in area, thereby resulting in enhanced flow characteristics of said turbine generator, and wherein said turbine generator is bi-directional.
2. The improvement of claim 1 wherein said augmentor comprises a central throat portion disposed between said inlet and said outlet wherein the ratio of the area of said throat portion to said inlet and said outlet area is between 0.1 and 0.9, thereby creating a decelerating flow effect downstream of said slot and increasing the efficiency of said turbine generator.
3. The improvement of claim 1 wherein said augmentor is a second duct disposed about substantially all of said outer surface of said housing, thereby creating a dual duct structure.
4. The improvement of claim 1 wherein said slot area is 10-50% of an area described by a path of said at least one blade.
5. An improved bi-directional hydro turbine generator having a water flow area through at least one rotor disk, said improvement comprising outer slot and inner hole areas defined by dual ducts and a hub respectively, thereby conserving water velocity through said outer slot and inner hole areas and rendering said turbine generator more efficient, said dual ducts comprising an augmentor having an inlet and an outlet which are substantially similar in area.
6. The improvement of claim 5 wherein said inner hole area is operable to render said turbine generator more efficient by permitting water to flow substantially undisturbed through said inner hole area so as to reduce the effect on turbine efficiency of a region of separation located downstream of said turbine generator.
7. The improvement of claim 5 wherein the exterior of said dual ducts is flared at both ends, thereby creating a central throat area in said turbine which is narrower than said ends and thereby optimizes the bidirectional flow characteristics of said hydro turbine generator.
8. The improvement of claim 7 wherein said hub comprises curved edges at each end of said hub thereby rendering said hub hydrodynamic.
9. The improvement of claim 5 further comprising a plurality of guide vanes extending radially from said hub.
10. The improvement of claim 5 wherein said hub is rigid and comprises a rotor rim rotatable about the outer circumference of said hub.
11. The improvement of claim 5 wherein said at least one rotor disk comprises a plurality of blades and is adapted to rotate about said rigid hub.
12. The improvement of claim 5 further comprising a plurality of struts projecting radially from said hub to a housing disposed about said turbine generator, thereby reinforcing said turbine generator against vibration caused by increased water flow through said outer slot and inner hole areas.