Steering rack manufacture
A die apparatus and method for performing a flashless forging operation to manufacture the toothed portion of a steering rack. The die apparatus includes first and second die members and at least one punch member, each having a forming surface shaped substantially as the obverse of a portion of the toothed portion. At least a portion of the forming surface of the first die member is shaped substantially as the obverse of the teeth of the rack. The first and second die members are moveable towards each other to a closed position, thereby partially forging the toothed portion from a blank placed in the die apparatus, and forming a substantially closed cavity defined by the forming surfaces. The punch member is adapted to move into the cavity once the die members are in the closed position, thereby completing the forging operation.
1. A die apparatus for performing a flashless forging operation to manufacture a toothed portion of a steering rack, said rack having a longitudinal axis and said toothed portion comprising teeth, said die apparatus comprising:
first and second die members and first and second punch members, each having a forming surface shaped substantially as an obverse of an exterior portion of said toothed portion, and
at least a portion of the forming surface of said first die member being shaped substantially as an obverse of said teeth,
wherein said first and second die members are moveable towards each other along a first axis to a closed position thereby partially forging said toothed portion from a blank placed in said die apparatus and forming a substantially closed cavity defined by said forming surfaces,
said first and second punch members being disposed on opposite sides of said cavity, between said first and second die members, and said first and second punch members being adapted to move towards each other along a second axis substantially perpendicular to both of said first axis and said longitudinal axis, into said cavity, once said die members are in said closed position, thereby forging longitudinal indentations on either side of said toothed portion and completing said forging operation.
2. A die apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein said punch members are moveable by means of a mechanism operated by said die apparatus closing.
3. A die apparatus as claimed in claim 2 wherein said mechanism comprises at least one wedge member adapted to urge said punch members into said cavity, said wedge member having a wedge shape and being movable along an axis substantially parallel to said first axis.
4. A die apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein at least one of said die members is supported by a hydraulic cylinder pressurized by means of said die apparatus closing.
5. A die apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein a cross section of said toothed portion is substantially D-shaped.
6. A die apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein said blank is a solid bar.
7. A die apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein said blank is cylindrical.
8. A die apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein said blank is a hollow bar and said die apparatus further comprises a mandrel adapted to be inserted into said hollow bar prior to said forging operation.
9. A die apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein said die apparatus further comprises at least one axially moveable end punch.
10. A die apparatus as claimed in claim 9 wherein said end punch is adapted to upset an end of said blank.
11. A die apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein said punch members are moveable by means of a mechanism operated by a motion of said die apparatus closing,
said mechanism comprising first and second wedge members adapted to urge said first and second punch members, respectively, into said cavity, said first and second wedge members having a wedge shape and being movable along an axis substantially parallel to said first axis, and
at least one of said die members is supported by a hydraulic cylinder pressurized by means of said die apparatus closing.