Hydroquinone long-chain derivatives and/or phenoxy long-chain derivatives, and pharmaceuticals comprising the same

1. A compound represented by the following formula (1), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of formula (1):

wherein,

R 1 and R 4 are each a methyl group;

R 2 is a hydrogen atom;

R 3 and R 5 are each a hydrogen atom; and

X represents an alkylene group with 10 to 20 carbons.

2. An antioxidant comprising as an active ingredient the compound of claim 1 , including pharmaceutically acceptable salts of formula (1).

3. A nerve growth-promoting agent comprising as an active ingredient the compound of claim 1 , including pharmaceutically acceptable salts of formula (1).

4. A therapeutic agent for treating a dysfunction caused by degeneration and/or loss of the central nervous system and/or peripheral nervous system neurons, which comprises as an active ingredient the compound of claim 1 , including pharmaceutically acceptable salts of formula (1).

5. A compound represented by the following formula (2), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of formula (2):

wherein,

R 6 and R 9 are each an alkyl group;

R 7 is a hydrogen atom or an alkoxy group;

R 8 and R 10 are each a hydrogen atom;

A represents an oxygen atom or NH, and m is 0 or 1; and

Y represents an alkylene group with 10 to 20 carbons, and Z represents a hydroxyl group.

6. The compound of claim 5 , wherein R 6 and R 9 are each a methyl group, R 7 is a methoxy group, R 8 and R 10 are each a hydrogen atom, and m is 0.

7. The compound of claim 5 , wherein R 6 and R 9 are each a methyl group, R 7 , R 8 and R 10 are each a hydrogen atom, A is an oxygen atom, and m is 1.

8. The compound of claim 5 , wherein R 6 and R 9 are each a methyl group, R 7 , R 8 and R 10 are each a hydrogen atom, A is NH, and m is 1.

9. The compound of claim 5 , wherein Y is an alkylene group with 12 carbons.

10. The compound of claim 5 , wherein Y is an alkylene group with 18 carbons.

11. An antioxidant comprising as an active ingredient the compound of claim 5 , including pharmaceutically acceptable salts of formula (2).

12. A nerve growth-promoting agent comprising as an active ingredient the compound of claim 5 , including pharmaceutically acceptable salts of formula (2).

13. A therapeutic agent for treating a dysfunction caused by degeneration and/or loss of the central nervous system and/or peripheral nervous system neurons, which comprises as an active ingredient the compound of claim 5 , including pharmaceutically acceptable salts of formula (2).

14. A method for treating a dysfunction caused by degeneration and/or loss of the central nervous system and/or peripheral nervous system neurons, wherein the method comprises the step of administering an effective amount of the compound of claim 1 , including pharmaceutically acceptable salts of formula (1) to a patient who has a dysfunction caused by degeneration and/or loss of the central nervous system and/or peripheral nervous system neurons.

15. A method for preparing a therapeutic agent wherein said method comprises combining a compound of claim 1 , including pharmaceutically acceptable salts of formula (1), with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

16. A method for treating a dysfunction caused by degeneration and/or loss of the central nervous system and/or peripheral nervous system neurons, wherein the method comprises the step of administering an effective amount of the compound of claim 5 , including pharmaceutically acceptable salts of formula (2), to a patient who has a dysfunction caused by degeneration and/or loss of the central nervous system and/or peripheral nervous system neurons.

17. A method for preparing a therapeutic agent wherein said method comprises combining a compound of claim 5 , including pharmaceutically acceptable salts of formula (2), with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.