Biocompatible titanium alloys
Methods and compositions are disclosed for coating a biocompatible medical implant with a surface layer having antioxidant activity. In various embodiments, a surface layer described herein destroys the oxidative activity of a reactive oxygen species (ROS) upon contact. An ROS can be, for example, an ROS generated by neutrophils in vivo. In various embodiments, a surface layer comprises a titanium oxide layer that can comprise a rutile, an anatase or a perovskite crystal structure, and can include defects comprising Ti(III). In some embodiments, the oxide layer can further comprise a dopant such as niobium. In some embodiments, methods for forming a surface layer on a biocompatible medical implant having antioxidant activity are disclosed.
1. An implant comprising a biocompatible material comprising two or more layers where one layer is provided at a surface of the implant and comprising a crystalline titanium oxide having defects comprising Ti(III) comprises of a titanium alloy selected from the group consisting of SrTiO.sub.3 and BaTiO.sub.3.
2. The implant in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the crystalline titanium oxide having a defect comprising Ti(III) further comprises a dopant selected from the group consisting of vanadium, niobium, tantalum, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, rhenium, ruthenium, iridium, and a combination thereof.
3. The implant in accordance with claim 2 , wherein the dopant is niobium.
4. The implant in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the titanium alloy further comprises a dopant selected from the group consisting of vanadium, niobium, tantalum, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, rhenium, ruthenium, iridium, and a combination thereof.
5. The implant in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the SrTiO.sub.3 is niobium-doped SrTiO.sub.3.
6. The implant in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the crystalline titanium oxide further comprises a perovskite crystal structure.
7. The implant in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the crystalline titanium oxide comprises an anatase crystal structure.