Presbyopia treatment by lens alteration
This invention effects a change in the accommodation of the human lens affected by presbyopia through the use of various reducing agents that change accommodative abilities of the human lens, and/or by applying energy to affect a change in the accommodative abilities of the human lens. This invention both prevents the onset of presbyopia as well as treats it. By breaking and/or preventing the formation of bonds that adhere lens fibers together causing hardening of the lens, the present invention increases the elasticity and distensibility of the lens and/or lens capsule.
1. A pharmacological composition for increasing accommodative amplitude in an eye, comprising a biochemical energy source to facilitate breaking of lenticular bonds, and a reducing agent to reduce the likelihood of reformation of a targeted lenticular bond.
2. The pharmacological composition of claim 1 , wherein the biochemical energy source occurs in an at least partially depleted or degraded form in an eye lacking full accommodation, and the biological energy source supplied in the composition replenishes or revitalizes the biochemical energy source occurring in the eye.
3. The pharmacological composition of claim 1 , wherein the biochemical energy source includes glucose-6-phosphate.
4. The pharmacological composition of claim 1 , wherein the biological energy source includes an enzyme.
5. The pharmacological composition of claim 4 , wherein the enzyme includes a reductase.
6. The pharmacological composition of claim 4 , wherein the enzyme includes aldoreductase.
7. The pharmacological composition of claim 4 , wherein the enzyme includes glyoxylase.
8. The pharmacological composition of claim 4 , wherein the enzyme includes glutathione-S-transferase.
9. The pharmacological composition of claim 4 , wherein the enzyme includes hexokinase.
10. The pharmacological composition of claim 4 , wherein the enzyme includes thiol reductase.
11. The pharmacological composition of claim 4 , wherein the enzyme includes thioltransferase.
12. The pharmacological composition of claim 4 , wherein the enzyme includes tyrosine reductase.
13. The pharmacological composition of claim 1 , wherein the reducing agent includes glutathione.
14. The pharmacological composition of claim 1 , wherein the reducing composition includes ascorbic acid.
15. The pharmacological composition of claim 1 , wherein the reducing agent includes a thiol derivative.
16. The pharmacological composition of claim 1 , wherein the reducing agent includes vitamin E.
17. The pharmacological composition of claim 1 , wherein the reducing agent includes tetraethylthiuram disulfyl.
18. The pharmacological composition of claim 1 , wherein the reducing agent includes ophthalmic acid.
19. The pharmacological composition of claim 1 , wherein the reducing agent includes inositol.
20. The pharmacological composition of claim 1 , wherein the reducing agent includes a beta-carboline.
21. The pharmacological composition of claim 1 , wherein the reducing agent reduces the likelihood of reformation of a targeted lenticular bond by bonding a moiety onto a free sulfur resulting from breaking of a disulfide bond.