Wound mapping system
A tissue mapping system comprising a two dimensional array of test electrodes 10 for application to the surface of tissue under investigation and circuit means 50 - 66 for measuring an electrical characteristic of the tissue underlying each test electrode. In one embodiment the electrical characteristics is the impedance of the tissue underlying each test electrode.
1. A system for monitoring surface changes in a skin wound over time, the system comprising:
a wound dressing including a two-dimensional array of test electrodes for application to the surface of the wound,
a circuit electrically coupled to the two-dimensional array of test electrodes, the circuit for measuring an electrical characteristic of tissue immediately underlying each test electrode, said circuit comprising:
a switching device for selecting successive test electrodes, and
an analyser for passing an electrical alternating current between each selected test electrode and at least one further electrode applied to the skin at a location away from the wound,
said analyser further calculating the electrical characteristic of the tissue immediately under each currently selected test electrode as a function of the voltage difference between the currently selected test electrode and at least one reference electrode, adjacent to the currently selected test electrode, the voltage difference being measured while passing the electrical alternating current between each currently selected test electrode and the at least one further electrode; and
a display device electrically coupled to the analyser, the display device for presenting a visual map generated using analyser circuitry of said analyser, the map indicating the size and shape of the wound based upon the measured electrical characteristic.
2. A system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the array of test electrodes is arranged on a flexible backing of insulating material.
3. A system as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the further electrode is disposed on the flexible backing of insulating material.
4. A system as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the array of electrodes is a rectangular array.
5. A system as claimed in claim 2 , wherein each test electrode is covered with a conductive gel, the resistance between adjacent test electrodes being high relative to the resistance via the gel between each test electrode and the underlying tissue.
6. A system as claimed in claim 5 , wherein the gel is a hydrogel.
7. A system as claimed in claim 2 , wherein leads for the test electrodes are also disposed on the flexible backing of insulating material and covered with an insulating material.
8. A system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the two-dimensional array comprises at least 25 test electrodes.
9. A system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the electrical characteristic is an impedance of the tissue immediately underlying each test electrode.
10. A system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein for each test electrode a measurement is made at a plurality of different frequencies.
11. A system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein each measurement is made at a frequency of from 1 milliHz to 100 kHz.
12. A system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said switching device for selecting successive test electrodes also selects, for the currently selected test electrode, at least one test electrode, adjacent to the currently selected test electrode to act temporarily as said reference electrode with respect to the currently selected test electrode.
13. A system as claimed in claim 2 , wherein said at least one reference electrode is a dedicated electrode on the flexible backing of insulating material.
14. A method of monitoring surface changes in a skin wound over time, the method comprising:
applying a dressing to the wound, the dressing including a two-dimensional array of test electrodes applied to the surface of the wound;
measuring an electrical characteristic of tissue immediately underlying each test electrode by selecting successive test electrodes, passing an electrical alternating current between each selected test electrode and a further electrode applied to the skin at a location away from the wound, and calculating the electrical characteristic of the tissue immediately under each currently selected test electrode as a function of the voltage difference between the currently selected test electrode and at least one reference electrode adjacent to the currently selected test electrode, the voltage difference being measured while passing the electrical alternating current between each currently selected test electrode and the at least one further electrode; and
presenting a visual map indicating the size and shape of the wound based upon the measured electrical characteristic.
15. A method as claimed in claim 14 , wherein the array of test electrodes is arranged on a flexible backing of insulating material.
16. A method as claimed in claim 15 , wherein each test electrode is covered with a conductive gel, the resistance between adjacent test electrodes being high relative to the resistance via the gel between each test electrode and the underlying tissue.
17. A method as claimed in claim 14 , wherein the two-dimensional array comprises at least 25 test electrodes.
18. A method as claimed in claim 14 , wherein the electrical characteristic is the impedance of the tissue immediately underlying each test electrode.
19. A method as claimed in claim 14 , comprising, for each currently selected test electrode, selecting at least one test electrode adjacent to said currently selected test electrode to act temporarily as said reference electrode with respect to the currently selected test electrode.
20. A system as claimed in claim 15 , wherein said at least one reference electrode is a dedicated electrode on the flexible backing of insulating material.