Methods of patterning a deposit metal on a substrate
An article includes a polymeric film having a major surface, a discontinuous layer of a catalytic material on the major surface, and a metal pattern on the catalytic material. The discontinuous layer of catalytic material has an average thickness of less than 200 angstroms. Methods of forming these articles are also disclosed.
1. An article comprising:
a transparent polymeric film having a major surface;
a discontinuous layer of a catalytic material on the major surface, the discontinuous layer of catalytic material having an average thickness of less than 60 angstroms; and
an electrolessly deposited metal pattern on a portion of the catalytic material, wherein the deposited metal has a thickness in a range from 0.1 micrometer to 10 micrometers,
wherein at least one of the discontinuous layer of catalytic material reduces photopic transmittance Tvis of the polymeric film by less than 5% or the discontinuous layer of catalytic material has a sheet resistance of greater than 10 4 ohms per square.
2. An article according to claim 1 wherein the discontinuous layer of catalytic material reduces photopic transmittance Tvis of the polymeric film by less than 5%.
3. An article according to claim 1 wherein the discontinuous layer of catalytic material has a sheet resistance of greater than 10 4 ohms per square.
4. An article according to claim 1 including a pattern of functionalizing molecules, wherein the pattern of functionalizing molecules comprises functionalized and non-functionalized regions, wherein the electrolessly deposited metal is present on the non-functionalized regions, but not on the functionalized regions, and wherein the non-functionalized regions of the discontinuous layer of catalytic material are optically transparent.
5. The article of claim 1 , wherein the discontinuous layer of catalytic material has an average thickness of less than 10 angstroms.
6. The article of claim 1 , wherein the discontinuous layer of catalytic materials has an average thickness in a range from 1 angstrom to 5 angstroms.
7. The article of claim 1 , wherein the discontinuous layer of catalytic material reduces photopic transmittance Tvis of the polymeric film by less than 2%.
8. The article of claim 1 , where in the discontinuous layer of catalytic material reduces photopic transmittance Tvis of the polymeric film by less than 1%.
9. An article according to claim 1 wherein said article is a resistively heated window, electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding, static dissipating component, antenna, touch screen for a computer display, surface electrode for an electrochromic window, surface electrode for a photovoltaic device, surface electrode for an electroluminescent device, or surface electrode for a liquid crystal display.
10. An article according to claim 9 wherein the discontinuous layer of catalytic material reduces photopic transmittance Tvis of the polymeric film by less than 5%, and wherein the discontinuous layer of catalytic material has a sheet resistance of greater than 10 4 ohms per square.
11. An article according to claim 10 wherein the catalytic material is selected from the group of gold, silver, palladium, platinum, rhodium, copper, nickel, iron, indium, tin, and mixtures, alloys, and compounds thereof.
12. An article according to claim 10 wherein the major surface comprises a relief pattern and the metal pattern is defined by the relief pattern.
13. An article according to claim 10 wherein the polymeric film comprises a polymer selected from the group consisting of polyolefins, polyamides, polyimides, polycarbonates, polyesters, polyacrylates, poly(meth)acrylates, and liquid crystal polymers.
14. An article according to claim 10 including a pattern of functionalizing molecules, wherein the pattern of functionalizing molecules comprises functionalized and non-functionalized regions, and wherein the electrolessly deposited metal is present on the non-functionalized regions, but not on the functionalized regions.
15. An article according to claim 10 including a pattern of a self-assembled monolayer, wherein the pattern of the self-assembled monolayer comprises functionalized and non-functionalized regions, and wherein the electrolessly deposited metal is present on the non-functionalized regions, but not on the functionalized regions.
16. An article according to claim 10 wherein the discontinuous layer of catalytic material supports the metal pattern.
17. An article according to claim 10 wherein the discontinuous layer of catalytic material is light-transmitting and electrically non-conductive.
18. An article according to claim 10 wherein the polymeric film is a flat sheet that is sufficiently flexible and strong to be processed in a roll-to-roll fashion.
19. An article according to claim 18 wherein the polymeric film has a thickness in the range of from about 25 micrometers to about 500 micrometers.