Terminating compounds, polymers, and their uses in rubber compositions and tires
The invention includes terminating compounds, polymers, rubber compositions and tires. The terminating compounds can provide terminating groups on the polymer. Polymers can be homopolymers, copolymers and terpolymers, and can include repeat units provided from conjugated diene monomers. Rubber compositions can be made from the polymers, and tires and various parts of tires can be made from those rubber compositions.
1. A polymer comprising (a) a repeat unit provided from a conjugated diene monomer and (b) a terminating group provided from a terminating compound of the formula:
R 3 —(CH 2 ) x —Si(R 1 ) y R 2 3-y ,
where R 3 is
R 1 can be the same or different and is an alkyl, a cycloalkyl, an allyl, and an aryl group with from about 1 to about 18 carbon atoms; R 2 can be the same or different and is —O (CH 2 ) p CH 3 or -(A(CH 2 ) n ) m ACH 3 where p is 0, 1, 2, or 3, A is S or O, n is 1, 2, or 3, and m is 1, 2, or 3; x is an integer from about 1 to about 20; y is 0, 1, or 2; R 6 can be the same or different and is a hydrogen or an alkyl having from about 1 to about 4 carbons.
2. The polymer of claim 1 , wherein the polymer is a homopolymer, a copolymer or a terpolymer.
3. The polymer of claim 1 , wherein the polymer is a copolymer comprising repeat units of a conjugated diene monomer and a monovinyl aromatic monomer.
4. The polymer of claim 1 , wherein the polymer is a copolymer comprising repeat units of 1,3-butadiene and styrene.
5. The polymer of claim 1 , wherein the polymer is a terpolymer comprising repeat units of a conjugated diene monomer, a vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon monomer, and a functionalized vinyl aromatic monomer.
6. A rubber composition comprising:
100 parts by weight of total polymer, where from about 25% to about 100% by weight of the total polymer is a polymer of claim 1 ; and
filler in an amount of 10 to 130 phr.
7. The rubber composition of claim 6 , wherein the filler is selected from the group consisting of amorphous silica, rubber reinforcing carbon black, a combination of silica and carbon black, and clay.
8. A tire having a component comprising the rubber composition of claim 6 .
9. The polymer of claim 1 , wherein R 3 is
10. The polymer of claim 1 , wherein the terminating compound is
11. A process for making a polymer:
polymerizing monomers comprising conjugated diene monomers by using an initiator to form a polymer with an active terminal end; and
reacting an active terminal end of the polymer with a terminating compound
R 3 —(CH 2 ) x —Si(R 1 ) y R 2 3-y ,
where R 3 is
R 1 can be the same or different and is an alkyl, a cycloalkyl, an allyl, and an aryl group with from about 1 to about 18 carbon atoms; R 2 can be the same or different and is —O(CH 2 ) p CH 3 or -(A(CH 2 ) n ) m ACH 3 where p is 0, 1, 2, or about 3, A is S or O, n is 1, 2, or about 3, and m is 1, 2, or about 3; x is an integer from about 1 to about 20; y is 0, 1, or 2; R 4 is an aryl or substituted aryl having from about 6 to about 18 carbon atoms, or a heterocycle or substituted heterocycle having from about 3 to about 18 carbon atoms; R 5 is hydrogen or a alkyl group having from about 1 to about 4 carbons; R 6 can be the same or different and is a hydrogen or an alkyl having from about 1 to about 4 carbons;
wherein if (i) R 5 is H and (ii) R 4 is a phenyl or substituted phenyl, then R 2 is -(A(CH 2 ) n ) m ACH 3 and m is 2 or about 3.
12. The process of claim 11 , wherein the initiator is an organolithium compound.
13. The process of claim 11 , wherein the polymerizing comprises polymerizing a conjugated diene monomer and a monovinyl aromatic monomer to form a copolymer.
14. The process of claim 11 , wherein R 3 is
15. The process of claim 11 , wherein the terminating compound is