N-substituted indenoisoquinolines and syntheses thereof
N-Substituted indenoisoquinoline compounds, and pharmaceutical formulations of N-substituted indenoisoquinoline compounds are described. Also described are processes for preparing N-substituted indenoisoquinoline compounds. Also described are methods for treating cancer in mammals using the described N-substituted indenoisoquinoline compounds or pharmaceutical formulations thereof.
1. A compound of the formula
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or hydrate thereof, wherein:
m is an integer from 0 to about 6;
R 6 is selected from the group consisting of heteroaryl, heteroaryloxy, heteroarylamino, heteroarylalkylaminoalkylamino, heterocyclyl, and heterocyclylamino, each of which is optionally substituted;
R a represents 1-4 substituents each of which is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halo, hydroxy, optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted alkoxy, cyano, nitro, optionally substituted alkylthio, optionally substituted alkylsulfonyl, carboxylic acid and derivatives thereof, and sulfonic acid and derivatives thereof; or R a represents 2-4 substituents where 2 of said substituents are adjacent substituents and are taken together with the attached carbons to form an optionally substituted heterocycle, and where any remaining substituents are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halo, hydroxy, optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted alkoxy, cyano, nitro, optionally substituted alkylthio, optionally substituted alkylsulfonyl, carboxylic acid and derivatives thereof, and sulfonic acid and derivatives thereof; and
R d represents 1-4 substituents each of which is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halo, hydroxy, optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted alkoxy, cyano, nitro, optionally substituted alkylthio, optionally substituted alkylsulfonyl, carboxylic acid and derivatives thereof, and sulfonic acid and derivatives thereof; or R d represents 2-4 substituents where 2 of said substituents are adjacent substituents and are taken together with the attached carbons to form an optionally substituted heterocycle, and where any remaining substituents are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halo, hydroxy, optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted alkoxy, cyano, nitro, optionally substituted alkylthio, optionally substituted alkylsulfonyl, carboxylic acid and derivatives thereof, and sulfonic acid and derivatives thereof; provided that at least one of R a or R d is not hydrogen.
2. The compound of claim 1 wherein R 6 is optionally substituted heterocyclyl or optionally substituted heterocyclylamino.
3. The compound of claim 1 wherein R 6 is optionally substituted heteroaryl or optionally substituted heteroarylamino.
4. The compound of claim 1 wherein R a includes one or more alkoxy groups.
5. The compound of claim 1 wherein R d includes one or more alkoxy groups.
6. The compound of claim 1 wherein R a includes an alkylenedioxy group.
7. The compound of claim 1 wherein R d includes an alkylenedioxy group.
8. A compound of the formula
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or hydrate thereof, wherein:
X is a divalent linker comprising one or more divalent radicals selected from the group consisting of —(CR 1 R 2 )—, —(NR 1 )— and —O—, where R 1 and R 2 are independently selected in each occurrence from hydrogen, alkyl, and acyl, providing that the divalent linker does not include the divalent radical —O—O—;
R a and R a′ each represent 1-4 substituents each of which is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halo, hydroxy, optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted alkoxy, cyano, nitro, optionally substituted alkylthio, optionally substituted alkylsulfonyl, carboxylic acid and derivatives thereof, and sulfonic acid and derivatives thereof; or R a and R a′ each represent 2-4 substituents where 2 of said substituents are adjacent substituents and are taken together with the attached carbons to form an optionally substituted heterocycle, and where any remaining substituents are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halo, hydroxy, optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted alkoxy, cyano, nitro, optionally substituted alkylthio, optionally substituted alkylsulfonyl, carboxylic acid and derivatives thereof, and sulfonic acid and derivatives thereof; and
R d and R d′ each represent 1-4 substituents each of which is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halo, hydroxy, optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted alkoxy, cyano, nitro, optionally substituted alkylthio, optionally substituted alkylsulfonyl, carboxylic acid and derivatives thereof, and sulfonic acid and derivatives thereof; or R d and R d′ each represents 2-4 substituents where 2 of said substituents are adjacent substituents and are taken together with the attached carbons to form an optionally substituted heterocycle, and where any remaining substituents are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halo, hydroxy, optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted alkoxy, cyano, nitro, optionally substituted alkylthio, optionally substituted alkylsulfonyl, carboxylic acid and derivatives thereof, and sulfonic acid and derivatives thereof.
9. The compound of claim 8 where X is a group having the general structure —(CH 2 ) n —[(CH 2 ) x —NR 1 —(CH 2 ) y ] z —(NR 2 ) p —(CH 2 ) q —, where n is 0 or 1, x and y are integers independently ranging from 1 to about 4, z is an integer ranging from 1 to about 4, p is 0 or 1, q is 0 or an integer ranging from 1 to about 2, and where R 1 and R 2 are independently selected in each instance from hydrogen, methyl, t-butyloxycarbonyl, benzyloxycarbonyl, and fluorenylmethoxycabonyl, or R 1 and R 2 and any adjacent R 2 together with the attached nitrogens form a heterocycle.
10. The compound of claim 8 wherein each —O— divalent radical and each —(NR 1 )— divalent radical is separated by at least one —(CR 1 R 2 )— divalent radical.
11. The compound of claim 8 wherein R a , R a′ , R d , and R d′ are each hydrogen.
12. The compound of claim 8 wherein R a and R a′ are each hydrogen; R d includes one or more alkoxy groups or an alkylenedioxy group; and R d′ includes one or more alkoxy groups or an alkylenedioxy group.
13. The compound of claim 8 wherein R a includes one or more alkoxy groups or an alkylenedioxy group; R a′ includes one or more alkoxy groups or an alkylenedioxy group; and R d and R d′ are each hydrogen.
14. The compound of claim 8 wherein R a , R a′ , R d , and R d′ are independently selected and each include one or more alkoxy groups or an alkylenedioxy group.
15. The compound of claim 9 where X is CH 2 NH(CH 2 ) 3 NHCH 2 .2 TFA.
16. The compound of claim 9 where X is CH 2 CH 2 NH(CH 2 ) 3 NHCH 2 CH 2 .2 TFA.
17. The compound of claim 9 where X is CH 2 CH 2 NH(CH 2 ) 4 NHCH 2 CH 2 .2 TFA.
18. The compound of claim 9 where X is CH 2 NH(CH 2 ) 2 NH(CH 2 ) 2 NHCH 2 .3 TFA.
19. The compound of claim 1 wherein at least one of R a and at least one of R d is not hydrogen.
20. The compound of claim 1 wherein R 6 is imidazolyl, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
21. The compound of claim 1 wherein R 6 is morpholinyl, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
22. The compound of claim 1 wherein m is 2.
23. The compound of claim 1 wherein m is 3.
24. A pharmaceutical composition for treating cancer, the composition comprising one or more compounds of claim 1 , and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, diluents, or excipients therefor.
25. A pharmaceutical composition for treating cancer, the composition comprising a compound of claim 8 , and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, diluents, and excipients therefor; where the compound is present in an amount effective for treating a cancer in a patient in need of relief.