End-modified poly(beta-amino esters) and uses thereof
Poly(beta-amino esters) are end-modified to form materials useful in the medical as well as non-medical field. An amine-terminated poly(beta-amino ester) is reacted with an electrophile, or an acrylate-terminated poly(beta-amino ester) is reacted with a nucleophile. The inventive end-modified polymers may be used in any field where polymers have been found useful including the drug delivery arts. The end-modified polymers are particularly useful in delivery nucleic acids such as DNA or RNA. The invention also provides compositions including the inventive end-modified polymers, methods of preparing the inventive polymers, and method of using the inventive polymers.
1. A polymer of formula:
wherein:
B are linkers that may be any substituted or unsubstituted, branched or unbranched, cyclic or acyclic aliphatic or heteroaliphatic moiety; or substituted or unsubstituted aryl or heteroaryl moieties;
R 1 hydrogen; halogen; branched or unbranched, substituted or unsubstituted, cyclic or acyclic aliphatic; branched or unbranched, substituted or unsubstituted, cyclic or acyclic heteroaliphatic; branched or unbranched, substituted or unsubstituted, cyclic or acyclic acyl; substituted or unsubstituted aryl; or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl;
X is NH or NR X , wherein R X is halogen; branched or unbranched, substituted or unsubstituted, cyclic or acyclic aliphatic; branched or unbranched, substituted or unsubstituted, cyclic or acyclic heteroaliphatic; branched or unbranched, substituted or unsubstituted, cyclic or acyclic acyl; substituted or unsubstituted aryl; or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl;
R 3 and R 4 are each independently:
wherein:
n′, m, and p are each independently an integer between 0 and 20, inclusive;
each instance of V is independently —O—, —S—, —NH—, —NR V —, or C(R V ) 2 , wherein each instance of R V is independently hydrogen, hydroxyl, C 1-6 aliphatic, C 1-6 heteroaliphatic, C 1-6 alkoxy, amino, C 1-6 alkylamino, di(C 1-6 alkyl)amino, aryl, heteroaryl, thiol, alkylthioxy, or acyl;
provided that R 3 and R 4 are different from R 1 ; and
n is an integer between 5 and 10,000, inclusive;
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
2. The polymer of claim 1 , wherein B is an substituted or unsubstituted, branched or unbranched, aliphatic or heteroaliphatic moiety.
3. The polymer of claim 1 , wherein B is
wherein n is an integer between 1 and 20, inclusive.
4. The polymer of claim 1 , wherein B is
wherein n is an integer between 1 and 20, inclusive.
5. The polymer of claim 1 , wherein B is
wherein n is an integer between 1 and 20, inclusive; and m is an integer between 1 and 6, inclusive.
6. The polymer of claim 1 , wherein B is:
7. The polymer of claim 1 , wherein X is NH or NMe.
8. The polymer of claim 1 , wherein R 3 and R 4 are the same.
9. The polymer of claim 1 , wherein R 3 and R 4 are different.
10. The polymer of claim 1 , wherein R 1 is hydroxyalkyl.
11. The polymer of claim 10 , wherein R 1 is of the formula:
12. The polymer of claim 11 , wherein each B is:
13. The polymer of claim 12 , wherein X is NH.
14. The polymer of claim 13 , wherein R 3 and R 4 are the same.
15. The polymer of claim 14 , wherein R 3 and R 4 are selected from the group consisting of:
16. The polymer of claim 15 , wherein each instance of R 3 and R 4 is of the formula:
17. The polymer of claim 10 , wherein R 1 is hydroxyC 1-6 alkyl.
18. The polymer of claim 1 , wherein R 1 is:
19. The polymer of claim 1 , wherein R 3 and R 4 are
wherein m is an integer between 1 and 20, inclusive.
20. The polymer of claim 1 , wherein R 3 and R 4 are selected from the group consisting of:
21. The polymer of claim 1 , wherein the polymer has a molecular weight between 1,000 and 100,000 g/mol.
22. The polymer of claim 21 , wherein the polymer has a molecular weight between 2,000 and 40,000 g/mol.
23. The polymer of claim 21 , wherein the polymer has a molecular weight between 5,000 and 50,000 g/mol.
24. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a polynucleotide and a polymer of claim 1 .
25. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 24 , wherein the polynucleotide is an siRNA.
26. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 24 , wherein the polynucleotide is RNA.
27. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 24 , wherein the polynucleotide is DNA.
28. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 24 , wherein the composition is in the form of nanoparticles comprising the polynucleotide and the polymer.
29. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 24 , wherein the composition is in the form of microparticles comprising the polynucleotide and the polymer.
30. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 29 , wherein the microparticles have a mean diameter of 1-10 micrometers.
31. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 29 , wherein the microparticles have a mean diameter of less than 5 micrometers.
32. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 29 , wherein the microparticles have a mean diameter of less than 1 micrometer.
33. A method of synthesizing an end-modified poly(β-amino ester) of claim 1 , the method comprising steps of:
providing an acrylate-terminated poly(beta-amino ester);
providing an amine; and
reacting the amine and the acrylate-terminated poly(beta-amino ester) under suitable conditions to form an end-modified poly(β-amino ester).
34. The method of claim 33 , wherein the step of providing an acrylate-terminated poly(beta-amino ester) comprises reacting an amine with an excess of a bisacrylate under suitable conditions to form a poly(beta-amino ester).
35. The method of claim 33 , wherein the step of reacting comprises reacting the amine and the acrylate-terminated poly(beta-amino ester) in an organic solvent.
36. The method of claim 33 , wherein the organic solvent is selected from the group consisting of THF, diethyl ether, glyme, hexanes, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, methylene chloride, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, dimethylformamide, acetonitrile, benzene, DMSO, and toluene.
37. The method of claim 33 , wherein the organic solvent is DMSO.
38. The method of claim 33 , wherein the concentration of the amine is between approximately 0.01 M and 5 M.
39. The method of claim 33 , wherein the concentration of the amine is between approximately 0.1 M and 2 M.
40. The method of claim 33 , wherein the concentration of the amine is between approximately 1 M and 2 M.
41. The method of claim 33 , wherein the concentration of the acrylate-terminated poly(beta-amino ester) is between approximately 0.01 M and 5 M.
42. The method of claim 33 , wherein the concentration of the acrylate-terminated poly(beta-amino ester) is between approximately 0.1 M and 2 M.
43. The method of claim 33 , wherein the concentration of the acrylate-terminated poly(beta-amino ester) is between approximately 1 M and 2 M.
44. The method of claim 33 , wherein the step of reacting comprises reacting the amine and the acrylate-terminated poly(beta-amino ester) at a temperature between 20 and 50° C.
45. The method of claim 33 , wherein the step of reacting comprises reacting the amine and the acrylate-terminated poly(beta-amino ester) at a temperature between 30 and 60° C.
46. The polymer of claim 1 , wherein R 3 and R 4 are
wherein m is an integer between 1 and 20, inclusive.
47. A method of encapsulating an agent in a matrix of end-modified poly(β-amino esters) of claim 1 to form microparticles, the method comprising steps of:
providing an agent;
providing an end-modified poly(β-amino ester) of claim 2 ; and
contacting the agent and the end-modified poly(β-amino ester) under suitable conditions to form microparticles.
48. The method of claim 47 wherein the agent is a polynucleotide.
49. The method of claim 48 wherein the polynucleotide is DNA.
50. The method of claim 48 wherein the polynucleotide is RNA.
51. The method of claim 47 wherein the agent is a small molecule.
52. The method of claim 47 wherein the agent is a protein.
53. The method of claim 47 wherein the step of contacting comprises spray drying a mixture of the agent and the end-modified poly(β-amino ester).
54. The method of claim 47 wherein the step of contacting comprises double emulsion solvent evaporation techniques.
55. The method of claim 47 wherein the step of contacting comprises a phase inversion technique.
56. A pharmaceutical composition comprising nanoparticles containing a polynucleotide and a polymer of claim 1 .
57. A pharmaceutical composition comprising nanoparticles containing a pharmaceutical agent and a polymer of claim 1 .
58. A pharmaceutical composition comprising microparticles containing an agent encapsulated in a matrix of a polymer of claim 1 .
59. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 58 wherein the microparticles have a mean diameter of 1-10 micrometers.
60. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 58 wherein the microparticles have a mean diameter of less than 5 micrometers.
61. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 58 wherein the microparticles have a mean diameter of less than 1 micrometer.
62. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 58 wherein the agent is a polynucleotide.
63. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 58 wherein the polynucleotide is DNA.
64. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 58 wherein the polynucleotide is RNA.
65. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 58 wherein the polynucleotide is an siRNA.
66. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 58 wherein the agent is a small molecule.
67. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 58 wherein the agent is a peptide.
68. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 58 wherein the agent is a protein.