Methods and compositions using calcium carbonate
Provided herein are compositions and methods including hydraulic cement, supplementary cementitious material, and/or self-cementing material. Methods for making the compositions and using the compositions are provided.
1. A method for making a composition, comprising:
(a) contacting a solution comprising a proton removing agent with CO 2 gas to form a CO 2 charged water;
(b) contacting an alkaline earth-metal containing water with the CO 2 charged water; and
(c) subjecting the alkaline earth-metal containing water of step (b) to one or more conditions to make a composition comprising hydraulic cement, the hydraulic cement comprising at least 47% w/w vaterite, wherein the composition upon combination with water, setting, and hardening has a compressive strength of at least 14 MPa,
wherein the one or more conditions are selected from the group consisting of mixing, stirring, temperature, pH, precipitation, residence time of the precipitate, dewatering of precipitate, washing precipitate with water, ion ratio, concentration of additives, drying, milling, grinding, storing, aging, and curing.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the CO 2 gas is an industrial waste stream selected from the group consisting of flue gas from combustion, a flue gas from a chemical processing plant, a flue gas from a plant that produces CO 2 as a byproduct, and combination thereof.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the alkaline earth-metal containing water is fresh water, hard water, brackish water, sea water, brine, or combination thereof.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the proton removing agent is selected from the group consisting of oxide, hydroxide, carbonate, coal ash, naturally occurring mineral selected from lime, periclase, iron hydroxide mineral, volcanic ash, mafic mineral and ultramafic mineral, and combination thereof.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the proton removing agent is a hydroxide obtained from an electrochemical process that produces hydroxide at a cathode and proton at an anode.
6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the proton removing agent is sodium hydroxide.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the hydraulic cement composition has a carbon isotopic fractionation value (δ 13 C) of between −12‰ to −25‰.
8. The method of claim 1 , further comprising adding one or more component to the composition selected from the group consisting of blast furnace slag, fly ash, diatomaceous earth, pozzolans, silica fumes, limestone, gypsum, hydrated lime, air entrainers, retarders, waterproofers, and coloring agents.
9. The method of claim 1 , further comprising adding an aggregate to the composition.
10. The method of claim 1 , further comprising forming a formed building material from the composition.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the alkaline earth-metal is calcium, magnesium, or combination thereof.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the dewatering comprises gravitational setting.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the drying comprises oven drying or spray drying.