Composite materials comprising supported porous gels containing reactive functional groups
This invention relates to a composite material that comprises a support member that has a plurality of pores extending through the support member and, located in the pores of the support member, and filling the pores of the support member, a macroporous cross-linked gel. The invention also relates to a process for preparing the composite material described above, and to its use. The composite material is suitable, for example, for separation of substances, for example by filtration or adsorption, including chromatography, for use as a support in synthesis or for use as a support for cell growth.
1. A composite material comprising:
(a) a support member comprising a plurality of pores extending through the support member; and
(b) a non-self supporting macroporous cross-linked gel comprising macropores having an average size of 10 nm to 3000 nm, said macroporous gel being located in the pores of the support member;
wherein
said macroporous cross-linked gel is present in the pores of the support member in an amount sufficient such that, in use, liquid passing through the composite material passes through said macropores of said macroporous cross-linked gel;
said macropores of said macroporous cross-linked gel are smaller than said pores of said support member; and
the macroporous cross-linked gel is a gel bearing a plurality of reactive functional groups.
2. The composite material of claim 1 , wherein the reactive functional groups are independently selected from the group consisting of epoxides, anhydrides, azides, halogens, acid chlorides, oximes, amidoximes, ketones, amines, hydroxyls, carboxylic acids, carboxylic acid esters, and benzyl halides.
3. The composite material of claim 1 , wherein the reactive functional groups are epoxides.
4. The composite material of claim 1 , wherein the reactive functional groups are anhydrides.
5. The composite material of claim 1 , wherein the reactive functional groups are azides.
6. The composite material of claim 1 , wherein the reactive functional groups are halogens.
7. The composite material of claim 1 , wherein the reactive functional groups are acid chlorides.
8. The composite material of claim 1 , wherein the reactive functional groups are oximes.
9. The composite material of claim 1 , wherein the reactive functional groups are amidoximes.
10. The composite material of claim 1 , wherein the reactive functional groups are ketones.
11. The composite material of claim 1 , wherein the reactive functional groups are amines.
12. The composite material of claim 1 , wherein the reactive functional groups are hydroxyls.
13. The composite material of claim 1 , wherein the reactive functional groups are carboxylic acids.
14. The composite material of claim 1 , wherein the reactive functional groups are carboxylic acid esters.
15. The composite material of claim 1 , wherein the reactive functional groups are benzyl halides.
16. The composite material of claim 15 , wherein the benzyl halides are benzyl chlorides.
17. The composite material of claim 1 , wherein the reactive functional groups are N-hydroxysuccinimide esters.
18. The composite material of claim 1 , wherein the macroporous cross-linked gel independently comprises poly(glycidyl methacrylate), poly(acrylamidoxime), poly(acrylic anhydride), poly(azelaic anhydride), poly(maleic anhydride), a poly(hydrazide), poly(acryloyl chloride), poly(2-bromoethyl methacrylate), or poly(vinyl methyl ketone).
19. The composite material of claim 1 , wherein the macroporous cross-linked gel comprises poly(glycidyl methacrylate).
20. The composite material of claim 1 , wherein the macroporous cross-linked gel comprises poly(acrylamidoxime).
21. The composite material of claim 1 , wherein the macroporous cross-linked gel comprises poly(acrylic anhydride).
22. The composite material of claim 1 , wherein the macroporous cross-linked gel comprises poly(azelaic anhydride).
23. The composite material of claim 1 , wherein the macroporous cross-linked gel comprises poly(maleic anhydride).
24. The composite material of claim 1 , wherein the macroporous cross-linked gel comprises a poly(hydrazide).
25. The composite material of claim 1 , wherein the macroporous cross-linked gel comprises poly(acryloyl chloride).
26. The composite material of claim 1 , wherein the macroporous cross-linked gel comprises poly(2-bromoethyl methacrylate).
27. The composite material of claim 1 , wherein the macroporous cross-linked gel comprises poly(vinyl methyl ketone).