Non-woven fiber fabric
In order to provide a non-woven fiber fabric, in particular, in the form of a flat material or as part of a flat material which can be used as a biodegradable material in medicine, in particular, as an implant or carrier material for living cells (tissue engineering) but also a non-woven fiber fabric which can be used in food technology in a variety of applications, in particular, as a preliminary product for foods, a non-woven fiber fabric is provided containing fibers consisting of a gelatin material, wherein the thickness of the fibers is on average 1 to 500 μm and wherein the non-woven fiber fabric has a plurality of areas, at which two or more fibers merge into one another without any phase boundary.
1. A non-woven fiber fabric, comprising fibers consisting of a gelatin material, the fibers having a thickness on average of 1 to 500 μm, wherein the non-woven fiber fabric has a plurality of areas where two or more fibers merge into one another without any phase boundary, and wherein the non-woven fiber fabric contains two or more fiber fractions consisting of the gelatin material with different average fiber thicknesses of 1 to 500 μm.
2. The non-woven fiber fabric as defined in claim 1 , wherein the gelatin material of the fibers is amorphous to 60% by weight or more.
3. The non-woven fiber fabric as defined in claim 1 , wherein the tear resistance is 0.15 N/mm 2 at a specific weight per unit area of the non-woven fiber fabric of 140 to 180 g per m 2 in a dry state and the breaking elongation of the non-woven fiber fabric in a hydrated state is 150%.
4. The non-woven fiber fabric as defined in claim 1 , wherein the non-woven fiber fabric contains at least one additional type of fiber comprising an additional material different from the gelatin material.
5. The non-woven fiber fabric as defined in claim 4 , wherein the additional material is selected from chitosan, carrageenan, alginate, pectin, starch and starch derivatives, regenerated cellulose, oxidized cellulose and cellulose derivatives, gelatin derivatives and gelatin copolymers.
6. A flat material with one or more layers, wherein at least one of the layers contains a non-woven fiber fabric as defined in claim 1 .
7. The flat material as defined in claim 6 , wherein a first layer contains a non-woven fiber fabric of fibers with a first average fiber thickness and a second layer contains a non-woven fiber fabric of fibers with a second average fiber thickness, wherein the second average fiber thickness is greater than the first average fiber thickness.
8. The flat material as defined in claim 6 , further comprising a membrane extending parallel to the non-woven fiber fabric.
9. The flat material as defined in claim 6 , wherein the non-woven fiber fabric is colonized by living cells.
10. A preliminary product for foods comprising the non-woven fiber fabric as defined in claim 1 .
11. A material for the production of a depot medicine comprising the flat material as defined in claim 6 .
12. A carrier for a pharmaceutical substance comprising the non-woven fiber fabric as defined in claim 1 and a pharmaceutical substance.
13. The carrier as defined in claim 12 , wherein the pharmaceutical substance contains thrombin.
14. The carrier as defined in claim 12 , wherein the pharmaceutical substance contains cell growth modulators.
15. A method for producing the non-woven fiber fabric as defined in claim 1 , comprising
(a) providing an aqueous spinning solution containing a gelatin material;
(b) heating the spinning solution to a spinning temperature; and
(c) processing the heated spinning solution in a spinning device with a spinning rotor.
16. The method as defined in claim 15 , wherein the aqueous spinning solution contains a proportion of gelatin in the range of approximately 10 to approximately 40% by weight.
17. The method as defined in claim 15 , wherein processing the heated spinning solution in a spinning device comprises using a spinning rotor, the rotor having spinning openings of different sizes so that fibers with different average thicknesses result.