Photovoltaic device
A photovoltaic device including at least one active layer and a transparent cover plate which contains on at least one side an array of geometrical optical relief structures and which is in optical contact with a surface receiving side of the at least one active layer of a photovoltaic device, characterized in that the optical relief structures include a base and a single apex which are connected by at least three n-polygonal surfaces where n is equal to 4 or higher.
1. A photovoltaic device comprising:
at least one active layer and
a transparent cover layer that comprises on at least one side an array of geometrical optical relief structures comprised of a plurality of individual geometrical optical relief structures, the array being in optical contact with a light receiving surface of the at least one active layer of the photovoltaic device,
wherein each individual geometrical optical relief structure of the array comprises a base and a single point apex, the single point apex and the base being connected by at least three n-polygonal surfaces, wherein n represents the number of sides of each polygonal surface and is equal to 4 or higher, and
wherein the base of each individual geometrical optical relief structure of the array has an m-sided polygonal shape and each individual geometrical optical relief structure of the array has at least m+1 surfaces, m representing the number of sides of the base.
2. A photovoltaic device according to claim 1 , wherein the individual geometrical optical relief structures of the array are arranged with adjacent individual geometrical optical relief structures abutting other individual geometrical optical relief structures of the array.
3. A photovoltaic device according to claim 1 , wherein an individual one of the geometrical optical relief structures of the array have a same orientation, an alternating orientation or a random orientation with respect to remaining ones of the individual geometric optical relief structures of the array.
4. A photovoltaic device according to claim 1 , wherein at least one surface of the array of geometrical optical relief structures is covered with a coating.
5. A photovoltaic device according to claim 4 , wherein the coating has a different refraction index than the individual geometrical optical relief structures and a shape of the coating is complementary to the array of geometrical optical relief structures.
6. A photovoltaic device according to claim 1 , wherein the transparent cover layer is made of a glass.
7. A photovoltaic device according to claim 1 , wherein the transparent cover layer is made of a polymeric material.
8. A photovoltaic device according to claim 7 , wherein the polymeric material is polymethylmethacrylate.
9. A photovoltaic device according to claim 7 , wherein the polymeric material is polycarbonate.
10. A photovoltaic device according to claim 7 , wherein the polymeric material is stabilized by UV absorbers and/or hindered amine light stabilizers.
11. A photovoltaic device according to claim 1 , wherein a luminescent dye is present in the transparent cover layer.
12. A photovoltaic device according to claim 1 , wherein a luminescent dye is present in a layer between the transparent cover layer and a light receiving surface of the active layer of the photovoltaic device.
13. A photovoltaic device according to claim 11 , wherein the luminescent dye comprises a mixture of several luminescent dyes.
14. A photovoltaic device according to claim 11 , wherein a concentration of the luminescent dye is from 0.001 to 50 gram dye per m 2 cover layer surface and per mm cover layer thickness.
15. A photovoltaic device according to claim 11 , wherein the luminescent dye is an organic dye.
16. A photovoltaic device according to claim 11 , wherein the luminescent dye is an inorganic dye.
17. A photovoltaic device according to claim 11 , wherein the transparent cover layer is made of a polymeric material, and the luminescent dye acts as a UV absorber to stabilize the polymeric material.
18. A photovoltaic device according to claim 12 , wherein the luminescent dye comprises a mixture of several luminescent dyes.
19. A photovoltaic device according to claim 12 , wherein a concentration of the luminescent dye is from 0.001 to 50 gram dye per m 2 cover layer surface and per mm cover layer thickness.
20. A photovoltaic device according to claim 12 , wherein the luminescent dye is an organic dye.
21. A photovoltaic device according to claim 12 , wherein the luminescent dye is an inorganic dye.
22. A photovoltaic device according to claim 12 , wherein the transparent cover layer is made of a polymeric material, and the luminescent dye acts as a UV absorber to stabilize the polymeric material.