Superconductive wire, processes of manufacture and uses thereof
An electrical component comprises a superconductive wire, the wire comprising a first wire segment joined to a second wire segment, wherein the first wire segment and the second wire segment differ in at least one property selected from the group consisting of magnetic field tolerance, temperature tolerance, ac loss, and strain tolerance, and wherein the magnetic field tolerance is measured by the relationship of critical current Ic to magnetic field H at a given temperature T below critical temperature Tc, the temperature tolerance is measured by the relationship of critical current Ic to temperature T at a given magnetic field below critical magnetic field Hc, the ac loss is measured by the amount of ac loss versus the frequency and magnitude of applied ac currents and fields, and the strain tolerance is measured by critical current Ic degradation with strain.
1. An electrical component in the form of an armature winding or a field coil, comprising:
a superconductive wire comprising:
a first wire segment joined to a second wire segment, wherein the first wire segment comprises at least one superconductive filament comprising a superconductive composition comprised of NbTi and a dopant wherein the dopant is at least one of copper, gold, silver, magnesium, zinc, cadmium, tin, bismuth, gallium, mercury or indium; and
wherein the second wire segment comprises at least one superconductive filament comprising a superconductive composition comprised of Nb 3 Sn and a dopant wherein the dopant is at least one of copper, gold, silver, magnesium, zinc, cadmium, tin, bismuth, gallium, mercury, or indium; and
wherein either the first or second wire segment or both the first and second wire segment have a non-superconductive metal matrix surrounding the at least one superconductive filament and a metal layer disposed between the non-superconductive metal matrix and the at least one superconductive filament;
wherein the first wire segment and the second wire segment differ in at least one of magnetic field tolerance, ac loss, and strain tolerance; and
wherein the magnetic field tolerance is measured by the relationship of critical current Ic to magnetic field H at a given temperature T below critical temperature Tc, the ac loss is measured by the amount of ac loss versus the frequency and magnitude of applied ac currents and fields, and the strain tolerance is measured by critical current Ic degradation with strain.
2. The electrical component of claim 1 , further comprising a plurality of adjacent layers or lengths of the superconductive wire.
3. The electrical component of claim 1 , wherein the superconductive wire further comprises at least one additional wire segment joined to the second wire segment; wherein the at least one additional wire segment and the second wire segment differ in at least one property selected from the group consisting of magnetic field tolerance, temperature tolerance, ac loss, and strain tolerance.
4. The electrical component of claim 1 , wherein the first and/or the second wire segment comprises more than one filament comprising a superconductive composition.
5. The electrical component of claim 1 , wherein the non-superconductive metal matrix is copper or a copper alloy.
6. A machine, comprising
an electrical component in the form of an armature winding or a field coil comprising a superconductive wire comprising n wire segments joined by n−1 joints wherein n is an integer greater than or equal to 2 and
wherein a first wire segment of the superconductive wire comprises at least one superconductive filament comprising a superconductive composition comprised of NbTi and a dopant wherein the dopant is at least one of copper, gold, silver, magnesium, zinc, cadmium, tin, bismuth, gallium, mercury or indium; and
wherein a second wire segment of the superconductive wire comprises at least one superconductive filament comprising a superconductive composition comprised of Nb 3 Sn and a dopant wherein the dopant is at least one of copper, gold, silver, magnesium, zinc, cadmium, tin, bismuth, gallium, mercury, or indium; and
wherein either the first or second wire segment or both the first and second wire segment have a non-superconductive metal matrix surrounding the at least one superconductive filament and a metal layer disposed between the non-superconductive metal matrix and the at least one superconductive filament;
wherein the first wire segment and the second wire segment differ in at least one of magnetic field tolerance, temperature tolerance, ac loss, and strain tolerance; and
wherein the magnetic field tolerance is measured by the relationship of critical current Tc to magnetic field H at a given temperature T below critical temperature Tc, the temperature tolerance is measured by the relationship of critical current Ic to temperature T at a given magnetic field below critical magnetic field Hc, the ac loss is measured by the amount of ac loss versus the frequency and magnitude of applied ac currents and fields, and the strain tolerance is measured by critical current Ic degradation with strain.
7. The machine of claim 6 , wherein the electronic component is a superconductive field coil.
8. The machine of claim 7 , further comprising a rotor assembly comprising a rotatable shaft, and a stationary stator assembly comprising concentric inner and outer stators, wherein the superconductive field coil is stationary.
9. The machine of claim 6 , wherein the machine is a motor.
10. The machine of claim 6 , wherein the machine is a generator.
11. The machine of claim 10 , wherein the generator is a component of a wind turbine assembly.