Tissue protective erythropoietin receptor (NEPOR) and methods of use
There is disclosed a molecular composition(s) of a novel tissue protective erythropoietin (EPO) binding receptor protein complex, termed NEPOR. Presence of NEPOR components on a tumor allows EPO to impinge on the survival of associated cells thereby enhancing tumor progression and negatively effecting patient survival. Presence of NEPOR represents a prognostic biomarker for poorer patient outcome. Thus, methods are provided for stratifying patients having a tumor as suitable (i.e. NEPOR not present) or non-suitable (i.e., NEPOR present) for EPO treatment, comprising: (a) isolating a tissue sample from an individual who is receiving or is a candidate for receiving erythropoietin, (b) determining the level of expression of the NEPOR gene(s) (mRNA) and/or the presence of the NEPOR gene product (protein) from the isolated tissue, and (c) correlating the presence of an NEPOR gene expression product or the presence of NEPOR protein to a physiological response to the treatment with erythropoietin. Furthermore, by disclosing the molecular compositions of NEPOR species, there are disclosed methods for rationally identifying/designing NEPOR modulating therapeutics. Methods also are provided for treating neurological insults such as stroke (via enhancement of NEPOR activity) and cancer (via down-regulation of cyto-protective signaling from NEPOR).
1. A method, comprising
(A) obtaining a cancer tissue sample from a patient that is a candidate for EPO therapy;
(B) determining in vitro the level of expression of EPH-B4 in said sample by immunohistochemistry, wherein the distribution of EPH-B4 positive cells is assessed as follows: 0 points, no staining; 1 point, focal or <25%; 2 points, 25-50%, 3 points, 50-75%; 4 points, 75-100%; the staining intensity is assessed as follows: focal or weak (1 point), moderate (2 points) or heavy (3 points); and points for intensity and distribution is multiplied to yield a product ranging from 0 to 12, wherein a product of >3 denotes an elevated level of EPH-B4;
(C) correlating an elevated level of EPH-B4 expression in said sample to a negative physiological response in said patient to EPO therapy, wherein said negative physiological response is one or more of increased tumor progression, proliferation of cancer, cell migration, and poorer patient survival;
(D) selecting said patient wherein the expression of EPH-B4 is not elevated; and
(E) administering EPO to said patient.
2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising determining the level of expression in said sample of at least one of Ephrin A1 or EPOR.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein said negative physiological response is proliferation of cancer cells of said patient.
4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising not administering EPO if the level of EPH-B4 expression is elevated.