Filter medium
A filter medium has a woven fabric ( 1 ) made from mineral yarns that is in turn covered with polymeric staple fibres ( 2 ) by needling. Optionally, a diaphragm ( 3 ) made from porous polytetrafluoroethylene is applied at least on one side of the filter medium, in particular on its inflow side.
1. A filter medium, comprising:
a fabric ( 1 ) made of interwoven mineral yarns, with polymeric staple fibers ( 2 ) needled to cover the fabric, said combination forming the filter medium defining an inflow side and an opposite side, and
a membrane ( 3 ) made of porous polytetrafluoroethylene laminated onto at least one side of the filter medium.
2. The filter medium according to claim 1 , wherein the membrane ( 3 ) is made of expanded porous polytetrafluoroethylene having an air permeability of at least 0.01 m 3 per m 2 per hour at a water column pressure of 12.7 mm.
3. The filter medium according to claim 1 , wherein the membrane ( 3 ) is joined to the filter medium with an adhesive ( 4 ).
4. The filter medium according to claim 3 , wherein the adhesive ( 4 ) is a fluorinated polymer.
5. The filter medium according to claim 1 , wherein the fabric ( 1 ) contains or is made of glass fibers.
6. The filter medium according to claim 1 , wherein the fabric ( 1 ) contains or is made of basalt yarns.
7. The filter medium according to claim 6 , wherein the basalt yarns are selected from the group consisting of fiber yarns, filament yarns, and multifilament yarns.
8. The filter medium according to claim 1 , wherein the fabric ( 1 ) contains or is made of warp and weft threads that are woven together, with said threads comprising basalt yarns, glass fibers, or combinations of basalt yarns and glass fibers.
9. The filter medium according to claim 1 , wherein the fabric ( 1 ) has a weight per unit area of from about 250 g/m 2 to about 600 g/m 2 .
10. The filter medium according to claim 1 , wherein the fabric ( 1 ) comprises several layers or strata.
11. The filter medium according to claim 1 , wherein the percentage by weight of polymeric staple fibers ( 2 ) in the total weight of the filter medium is less than about 40%.
12. The filter medium according to claim 1 , wherein the fabric ( 1 ) has a weight per unit area of more than about 250 g/m 2 and a thickness of at least about 0.5 mm, and the staple fibers ( 2 ) have a titer from about 0.5 dtex to about 10 dtex and a cut length of at least about 20 mm.
13. The filter medium according to claim 1 , wherein the staple fibers ( 2 ) consist of polytetrafluoroethylene.
14. The filter medium according to claim 1 , wherein the surface of the staple fibers ( 2 ) is roughened up by a polymeric coating applied after the fibers ( 2 ) are needled.
15. The filter medium according to claim 14 , wherein the coating consists of a polytetrafluoroethylene containing one or more organic fillers.
16. The filter medium according to claim 15 , wherein the organic filler is synthetic silicic acid.
17. The filter medium according to claim 1 , shaped in the form of a cloth.
18. The filter medium according to claim 1 , shaped in the form of a bag or pouch.
19. A filter medium, comprising:
a fabric formed of warp and weft threads that are woven together, with said threads comprising basalt yarns, glass fibers, or combinations of basalt yarns and glass fibers;
polymeric staple fibers covering the fabric, wherein the fabric and polymeric staple fibers together define an inflow side and an opposite side of the filter medium; and
a porous polytetrafluoroethylene membrane adhesively joined to at least one side of the filter medium.
20. The filter medium of claim 19 , wherein the polymeric staple fibers comprise roughened polytetrafluoroethylene fibers, and the polytetrafluoroethylene membrane is an expanded porous polytetrafluoroethylene having an air permeability of at least 0.01 m 3 per m 2 per hour at a water column pressure of 12.7 mm.