Mesoporous materials and reactants for preparing them
The invention relates to a process for manufacturing porous materials, which comprises the following steps: preparation of a solution of at least one structuring agent, having at least two structuring parts linked by at least one type of reversible non-covalent interaction; formation of the structured or porous material; separation of the at least two parts of the structuring agent at low temperature; and recovery of at least 50% by weight of the two non-degraded structuring parts and the porous material.
1. A method for producing a porous material comprising steps of:
(a) preparing a solution of at least one structuring agent having at least two structuring parts assembled by at least one non-covalent reversible type of interaction, and a precursor of a porous material,
(b) forming a structured material of the precursor of the porous material around the structuring agent,
(c) precipitating the structured material,
(d) treating the precipitated structured material to disassemble the structuring agent from the structured material at a low temperature,
(e) recovering at least 50% by weight of the structuring parts and the porous material,
wherein the structuring parts are water-soluble hydrophilic polymers, chosen from double hydrophilic block copolymers, double hydrophilic graft copolymers, triblock copolymers, comb polymers, graft polymers, statistical copolymers, terpolymers and homopolymers.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the at least two structuring parts are the same hydrophilic polymer.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the structuring agent comprises different structuring parts.
4. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the structuring agent is in the form of colloids.
5. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the formation of the structuring agent by the structuring parts is induced by adding at least one inductor and the inductor may be a chemical component and/or a physical component.
6. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the structuring agent is formed in solution.
7. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the temperature is less than or equal to 200° C.
8. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the precursor of the porous material is a precursor of silica, a precursor of alumina, a precursor of silica-alumina, a precursor of zirconia, a precursor of titania, or salts thereof.
9. The method as claimed in claim 3 , wherein the different structuring parts comprise 2-5 different hydrophilic polymers.
10. The method as claimed in claim 4 , wherein the size of the colloids extends from 10 −9 m to 10 −5 m.
11. The method as claimed in claim 6 , wherein the solution is an aqueous solution.
12. The method as claimed in claim 7 , wherein the temperature is less than or equal to 100° C.
13. The method as claimed in claim 8 , wherein the precursor of the porous material is silicon tetraethoxide (TEOS), an aluminum alkoxide, a titanium alkoxide, a zirconium alkoxide or a salt thereof.