Disulfide monomers comprising ethylenically unsaturated norbornyl groups suitable for dental compositions
Dental compositions and disulfide monomers described. The disulfide monomer comprises a disulfide backbone group wherein each of the sulfur atoms are bonded to a group terminating with an ethylenically unsaturated norbornyl group; and at least one other monomer comprising at least two ethylenically unsaturated groups.
1. A dental composition comprising:
a disulfide monomer comprising a disulfide backbone group wherein each of the sulfur atoms are bonded to a group terminating with an ethylenically unsaturated norbornyl group and the disulfide backbone group lacks ethylenic unsaturation or has the structure
and
at least one other ethylenically unsaturated monomer.
2. The dental composition of claim 1 wherein the disulfide backbone group is acyclic.
3. The dental composition of claim 1 wherein the ethylenically unsaturated norbornyl group is 1,3-norbornyl methylene.
4. The dental composition of claim 3 wherein the disulfide monomer comprises
5. The dental composition of claim 1 wherein the ethylenically unsaturated groups of the other monomer are (meth)acrylate groups.
6. The dental composition of claim 1 wherein the other monomer is an aromatic monomer having a refractive index of at least 1.50.
7. The dental composition of claim 1 wherein the other monomer has a molecular weight (Mw) ranging from about 600 to 1500 g/mole.
8. The dental composition of claim 1 wherein the other monomer is a branched multi(meth)acrylate aromatic monomer, a monomer comprising a cyclic allylic sulfide moiety and at least one (meth)acryloyl moiety, or a mixture thereof.
9. The dental composition of claim 1 wherein the other monomer is selected from ethoxylated bisphenol A dimethacrylate (BisEMA6), 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), bisphenol A diglycidyl dimethacrylate (bisGMA), urethane dimethacrylate (UDMA), triethlyene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA), glycerol dimethacrylate (GDMA), ethylenegylcol dimethacrylate, neopentylglycol dimethacrylate (NPGDMA), polyethyleneglycol dimethacrylate (PEGDMA), and mixtures thereof.
10. The dental composition of claim 1 wherein the dental composition comprises inorganic oxide filler.
11. The dental composition of claim 10 wherein the inorganic oxide filler comprises silica nanoparticles, zirconia nanoparticles, or mixtures thereof.
12. The dental composition of claim 11 wherein the inorganic nanoparticles are in the form of nanoclusters.
13. The dental composition of claim 1 wherein the composition further comprises a free radical initiator.
14. The dental composition of claim 13 wherein the free radical initiator is a photoinitiator.
15. A method of treating a tooth surface, the method comprising
providing a hardenable dental composition according to claim 1 ;
placing the dental composition on a tooth surface of a subject; and
hardening the hardenable dental composition.
16. The method of claim 15 wherein the dental composition further comprises inorganic oxide filler.
17. The method of claim 15 wherein the dental composition is a dental restoration.
18. The method of claim 15 wherein the hardenable composition further comprises a photoinitiator and hardening comprises exposing the hardenable dental composition to visible light.
19. A dental article comprising the hardenable dental composition of claim 1 at least partially hardened.
20. A method of treating a tooth surface, the method comprising
providing an at least partially hardened dental article according to claim 19 , and
adhering the dental article on a tooth surface in the mouth of a subject.
21. A monomer having the structure