Polyurethane systems for producing polyurethane sandwich parts at low molding temperatures
The present invention relates to the use of a polyurethane system, comprising (a) polyisocyanates, (b) at least one isocyanate-reactive compound, (c) at least one carboxylic salt of an amine catalyst, where, based on one equivalent of the amine of the amino catalyst, from 0.5 to 1.5 equivalents of acid groups of a carboxylic acid are comprised, (d) if appropriate, further catalysts, (e) if appropriate, a reactive chain extender having at least two groups reactive toward isocyanates, where at least one group reactive toward isocyanates is a free, primary, NH 2 group, and (f) if appropriate, further additives, for the production of polyurethane sandwich components. The present invention further relates to a process for the production of polyurethane sandwich components, and also to the polyurethane sandwich components obtained by the process of the invention.
1. A polyurethane sandwich component obtained by a process of (i) applying a polyurethane system to at least one reinforcement fiber layer on a core layer, to yield a first component, (ii) placing the first component from (i) into a mold, and giving the first component from (i) a three-dimensional shape by compressing the core layer in the mold, and hardening the polyurethane system, to yield a molding, (iii) removing the molding from the mold, and (iv) optionally, subjecting the molding to further operations,
wherein the polyurethane sandwich component comprises the core layer and the polyurethane system, the polyurethane system comprising:
a) at least one polyisocyanate;
b) at least one isocyanate-reactive compound;
c) at least one carboxylic salt of an amine catalyst;
d) optionally, at least one further catalyst;
e) optionally, a reactive chain extender comprising at least two groups reactive toward isocyanates, wherein at least one group reactive toward isocyanates is a free, primary NH 2 group; and
f) optionally, at least one further additive, and, based on one equivalent of amine of the amine catalyst, from 0.5 to 1.5 equivalents of acid groups of a carboxylic acid are comprised.
2. The polyurethane sandwich component according to claim 1 , wherein the carboxylic acid is a dicarboxylic acid of a formula HOOC—(CH 2 ) n —COOH, where n is a whole number from 2 to 14.
3. The polyurethane sandwich component according to claim 2 , wherein the amine catalyst c) has at least one isocyanate-reactive group.
4. The polyurethane sandwich component according to claim 2 , wherein the reactive chain extender e) is comprised in the polyurethane system at from 0.1 to 10% by weight, based on the total weight of components b) to f).
5. The polyurethane sandwich component according to claim 2 , wherein the carboxylic acid is adipic acid.
6. The polyurethane sandwich component according to claim 5 , wherein the amine catalyst c) has at least one isocyanate-reactive group.
7. The polyurethane sandwich component according to claim 5 , wherein the reactive chain extender e) is comprised in the polyurethane system at from 0.1 to 10% by weight, based on the total weight of components b) to f).
8. The polyurethane sandwich component according to claim 1 , wherein the amine catalyst c) has at least one isocyanate-reactive group.
9. The polyurethane sandwich component according to claim 1 , wherein the reactive chain extender e) is comprised in the polyurethane system at from 0.1 to 10% by weight, based on the total weight of components b) to f).
10. The polyurethane sandwich component according to claim 1 , wherein from 0.7 to 1.3 equivalents of acid groups are present based on one equivalent of the amine of the amine catalyst.
11. The polyurethane sandwich component according to claim 1 , wherein from 0.9 to 1.10 equivalents of acid groups of the carboxylic acid are present based on one equivalent of the amine of the amine catalyst.
12. The polyurethane sandwich component according to claim 1 , wherein, based on one equivalent of amine of the amine catalyst, from 0.5 to 0.95 equivalents of acid groups of a carboxylic acid are comprised.
13. The process according to claim 12 , wherein, based on one equivalent of amine of the amine catalyst, from 0.5 to 0.95 equivalents of acid groups of a carboxylic acid are comprised.
14. The process according to claim 12 , wherein, based on one equivalent of amine of the amine catalyst, from 0.5 to 0.9 equivalents of acid groups of a carboxylic acid are comprised.
15. The polyurethane sandwich component according to claim 1 , wherein, based on one equivalent of amine of the amine catalyst, from 0.5 to 0.9 equivalents of acid groups of a carboxylic acid are comprised.
16. A process for the production of a polyurethane sandwich component, comprising:
i) applying a polyurethane reaction mixture to at least one reinforcement fiber layer on a core layer, to yield a first component;
ii) placing the first component from i) into a mold, and giving the first component from i) a three-dimensional shape by compressing the core layer in the mold, and hardening the polyurethane reaction mixture, to yield a molding;
iii) removing the molding from the mold; and
iv) optionally, subjecting the molding to further operations, wherein the polyurethane reaction mixture is obtained via mixing of the components of the polyurethane system comprising:
a) at least one polyisocyanate;
b) at least one isocyanate-reactive compound;
c) at least one carboxylic salt of an amine catalyst;
d) optionally, at least one further catalyst;
e) optionally, a reactive chain extender comprising at least two groups reactive toward isocyanates, wherein at least one group reactive toward isocyanates is a free, primary NH 2 group; and
f) optionally, at least one further additive, and wherein, based on one equivalent of amine of the amine catalyst, from 0.5 to 1.5 equivalents of acid groups of a carboxylic acid are comprised.
17. The process according to claim 16 , wherein mold temperature is below 110° C.
18. The process according to claim 17 , wherein the carboxylic acid is a dicarboxylic acid of a formula HOOC—(CH 2 ) n —COOH, where n is an integer from 2 to 14.
19. The process according to claim 17 , wherein the carboxylic acid is adipic acid.
20. The process according to claim 17 , wherein the mold in ii) comprises a decorative element.
21. The process according to claim 16 , wherein the mold in ii) comprises a decorative element.
22. The process according to claim 21 , wherein the carboxylic acid is a dicarboxylic acid of a formula HOOC—(CH 2 ) n —COOH, where n is an integer from 2 to 14.
23. The process according to claim 16 , wherein the carboxylic acid is a dicarboxylic acid of a formula HOOC—(CH 2 ) n —COOH, where n is an integer from 2 to 14.
24. The process according to claim 16 , wherein the carboxylic acid is adipic acid.
25. The process according to claim 16 , wherein the amine catalyst c) has at least one isocyanate-reactive group.
26. The process according to claim 16 , wherein the reactive chain extender e) is comprised in the polyurethane system at from 0.1 to 10% by weight, based on the total weight of components b) to f).
27. The process according to claim 16 , wherein from 0.7 to 1.3 equivalents of acid groups are present based on one equivalent of the amine of the amine catalyst.
28. The process according to claim 16 , wherein from 0.9 to 1.10 equivalents of acid groups of the carboxylic acid are present based on one equivalent of the amine of the amine catalyst.