Shoe, in particular running shoe or ski boot, and skiing equipment
A shoe contains an adjustable space for the foot and several fluidically connected chambers. In order to adjust the space for the foot, the flowability of a magnetorheological fluid can be influenced by one or more devices that generate a magnetic field and thereby adjust the space for the foot resulting in a better fitting of the shoe. The novel system may also be implemented in orthoses (e.g., pronation correction) or in complete shoes with orthotics devices for correcting musculoskeletal abnormalities.
1. A shoe with a foot space, comprising:
one or more deformable chambers disposed to vary a shape and/or a volume of the foot space in the shoe;
a supply container and one or more flow links fluidically connecting said supply container to respective said deformable chambers;
an amount of magnetorheological fluid (MRF) in said supply container, in said one or more deformable chambers and in said one or more flow links; and
at least one magnet device for generating a magnetic field, said magnet device being disposed to subject at least one of said flow links and said deformable chambers to the magnetic field, said magnet device selectively influencing a viscosity of said magnetorheological fluid and varying the shape and/or the volume of the foot space by varying the magnetic field.
2. The shoe according to claim 1 , wherein said flow links are valves and flow lines through which said MRF flows out of and into respective said deformable chambers, and said magnet device is disposed to generate the magnetic field in said flow links.
3. The shoe according to claim 1 , wherein said one or more deformable chambers are at least two separate chambers having a flow link channel fludically connected therebetween, and said magnet device is disposed at said flow link channel to selectively influence a flow of said MRF between said two chambers.
4. The shoe according to claim 1 , which further comprises a supply container with MRF for supplying MRF to said one or more deformable chambers and wherein said magnet device is disposed adjacent to channels interlinking said supply container with said one or more deformable chambers.
5. The shoe according to claim 2 , wherein said magnet device is one of a plurality of magnet devices each associated with a respective said flow link.
6. The shoe according to claim 1 , wherein said at least one magnet device includes a permanent magnet.
7. The shoe according to claim 6 , wherein said permanent magnet is disposed to move relative to said flow links to attenuate or deactivate the magnetic field.
8. The shoe according to claim 7 , wherein said permanent magnet is removably disposed in the shoe.
9. The shoe according to claim 6 , which comprises a movable and removable magnetic shield for attenuating or deactivating the magnetic field.
10. The shoe according to claim 9 , further comprising at least one motor for moving said magnetic shield.
11. The shoe according to claim 6 , wherein said permanent magnet has an associated switchable electromagnet to attenuate or deactivate the magnetic field of said permanent magnet.
12. The shoe according to claim 1 , wherein said magnet device has at least one switchable electromagnet.
13. The shoe according to claim 1 , wherein each of said flow links has a constriction disposed approximately centrally in the magnetic field.
14. The shoe according to claim 1 , wherein the shoe is a ski boot.
15. The shoe according to claim 1 , wherein said flow link comprises a housing, iron cores, and a permanent magnet disposed to form a magnetic circuit, said permanent magnet having at least partially hard-magnetic properties with a coercivity above 1 kA/m.
16. The shoe according to claim 1 , wherein said flow link comprises a housing and iron cores disposed to form a magnetic circuit, said iron cores having at least partially hard-magnetic properties.
17. The shoe according to claim 16 , wherein said hard-magnetic material is a material with a magnetization that is permanently variable by at least one magnetic pulse from a coil of said magnet device.
18. The shoe according to claim 16 , wherein said hard-magnetic material is a material with a magnetization that may be attenuated or completely canceled by way of a magnetic alternating field of the coil.
19. The shoe according to claim 16 , wherein said hard-magnetic material is a material with a magnetization that is infinitely variable from a zero value to a retentivity of the material by way of at least one magnetic pulse from a coil of said magnet device.
20. The shoe according to claim 16 , wherein said hard-magnetic material is a material with a magnetization having a polarity that is reversible by way of at least one magnetic pulse from a coil of said magnet device.
21. The shoe according to claim 16 , which further comprises a current source selected from the group consisting of a battery, a capacitor, an accumulator, and a vibration generator for supplying energy for at least one magnetic pulse from the coil.
22. The shoe according to claim 1 , wherein each of said flow links has two sealing elements moveable within said flow links, said magnetorheological liquid in each of said flow links is enclosed by said two sealing elements and is separated from a different compound, which can flow, in said deformable chambers.
23. Skiing equipment, comprising:
a ski with a ski binding;
a ski boot configured to be clamped to said ski binding, said ski boot having a foot space for receiving a foot of a skier, said ski boot including:
a plurality of deformable chambers disposed to vary a shape and/or a volume of the foot space in the shoe;
a supply container and one or more flow links fluidically connecting said supply container to said deformable chambers;
an amount of magnetorheological fluid (MRF) in said supply container, in said deformable chambers and in said one or more flow links;
at least one magnet device for generating a magnetic field disposed to subject at least one of said flow links to the magnetic field, said magnet device selectively influencing a viscosity of said magnetorheological fluid and varying the shape and/or the volume of the foot space by varying the magnetic field; and
an electrical energy source connected to said magnet device for supplying electrical energy for energizing said magnet device.
24. The skiing equipment according to claim 23 , wherein said electrical energy source has a generator for converting vibration movements into the electrical energy.
25. The skiing equipment according to claim 23 , further comprising a control system connected to drive said magnet and/or said flow links.