Three-dimensional printing process for producing a self-destructible temporary structure
The invention relates to additive manufacturing (AM) and in particular to a degradable material for use in applications that require temporary structure stability, such as in investment casting or biomedical applications or as a temporary support material.
1. A three dimensional printing method for producing a self-destructible temporary structure, comprising:
depositing a degradable material solution comprising a degradable component;
depositing a disintegrating agent solution comprising a disintegrating agent capable of disintegrating the degradable component;
solidifying a combined disintegrating agent and degradable material solution to form a solid, semi solid or gel layer; and
repeating said steps of depositing and solidifying layers until the self-destructible temporary structure is formed,
wherein after solidification, the disintegrating agent gradually degrades the degradable component to disintegrate the self-destructible temporary structure.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein depositing the degradable material solution and the disintegrating agent solution is done by one or more inkjet printing heads.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the disintegrating agent solution and the degradable material solution are combined immediately before deposition.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein a combination of the disintegrating agent solution and the degradable material solution occurs after deposition, within a deposited layer.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the disintegrating agent is an enzyme, catalyst, acid or a base.
6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the enzyme is an esterase, a trypsin, a collagenase, a cellulase or a dextranase.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the disintegrating agent is in an isolated state and wherein the disintegrating agent is released and activated during or after deposition of a three-dimensional printing process by an external trigger.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the degradable component is a photopolymer, a wax or a combination thereof.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the degradable component is a polymer.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein said polymer is a copolymer, a block-copolymer, a photopolymer, a polysaccharide, reactive polymer-protein hybrid molecules, a biosynthetic hydrogel material or a wax.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein said copolymer comprises polyethyleneglycol (PEG) or poly(acrylic acid) or poly(hyaluronic acid) or polycaprolactone or poly(vinyl alcohol).
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the degradable material solution further comprises any one of a reactive solvent, a non-reactive solvent, a surfactant, a photoinitiator, a viscosity modifier, a rheology modifier or any combination thereof.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the disintegrating agent solution further comprises any one of a reactive solvent, a non-reactive solvent, a surfactant, a photoinitiator, porous nanoparticles, a viscosity modifier, a rheology modifier or any combination thereof.
14. The method of claim 1 , wherein the disintegrating agent decomposes at least one chemical bond or at least one physical bond within the degradable component.
15. The three dimensional printing method of claim 1 , wherein combination of the disintegrating agent solution and the degradable material solution is controlled by a dedicated software so that the volumetric ratio between the degradable material solution and disintegrating agent solution can be modulated during printing.
16. The three dimensional printing method of claim 1 , wherein the disintegrating agent solution comprises a liquid phase that is insoluble in the degradable material solution.
17. The three dimensional printing method of claim 1 , wherein the disintegrating agent solution comprises a solid or gel phase that is insoluble in the degradable material solution.
18. The three dimensional printing method of claim 1 , wherein the disintegrating agent solution comprises nanoparticles filled with the disintegrating agent and the disintegrating agent is released by an external trigger.
19. The method of claim 1 comprising:
controlling disintegrating agent concentration of the disintegrating agent in each deposited layer based on desirable rates of degradation for each of the deposited layers, wherein the disintegrating agent concentration within a first deposited layer is lower than the disintegrating agent concentration in an upper deposited layer.
20. The method of claim 1 , wherein the self-destructible temporary structure provides support for a three-dimensional object during building of the three-dimensional object by a three-dimensional inkjet printing system.