Low cost high power factor LED driver
A controller for a power supply having a primary side and a secondary side includes a mapping circuit for generating a feedback signal corresponding to an output current of the secondary side, a power switch coupled to the primary side for conducting a connection according to a modulation signal, a constant current block, for generating a first current signal according to the feedback signal; and a control unit, for generating the modulation signal to control the power switch according to the first current signal.
1. A controller for a power supply having a primary side and a secondary side, the controller comprising:
a mapping circuit, coupled to the primary side, for generating a feedback signal corresponding to variations of an output current of the secondary side;
a power switch, comprising a first terminal coupled to the primary side, a second terminal and a third terminal, for conducting a connection between the first terminal and the third terminal according to a modulation signal received by the second terminal, and generating a current sense signal at the third terminal;
a constant current block, for generating a first current signal according to the feedback signal and the current sense signal; and
a control unit, for generating the modulation signal to control the power switch according to the first current signal, the feedback signal, the current sense signal and a voltage signal from the power supply.
2. The controller of claim 1 , wherein the mapping circuit comprises:
a feedback node, coupled to the constant current block, for generating the feedback signal;
an auxiliary winding, coupled between the feedback node and a grounding terminal;
a diode, having a first terminal coupled to the feedback node, and a second terminal;
a resistor, coupled between the second terminal of the diode and the primary side of the power supply; and
a capacitor, coupled between the second terminal of the diode and the grounding terminal.
3. The controller of claim 1 , wherein the power switch is an n-type metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor, the first terminal is a drain terminal, the second terminal is a gate terminal, and the third terminal is a source terminal.
4. The controller of claim 1 , wherein the constant current block comprises:
a waveform detection unit, for detecting a waveform of the current sense signal and generating a captured signal;
a calculation unit, for generating a selected voltage according to the captured signal and the feedback signal, comprising:
a time factor unit for detecting a discharge time of the feedback signal according to the feedback signal and generating a time factor; and
a voltage selection unit coupled to the time factor unit and the waveform detection unit, for dividing the captured signal according to the time factor to generate the selected voltage; and
an error amplifier, coupled to the calculation unit, for limiting a maximum value of the selected voltage to a fourth reference voltage, and generating a first comparison signal according to the selected voltage and the fourth reference voltage from an output terminal;
a comparator unit, for generating the first current signal according to the first comparison signal and a first reference voltage.
5. The controller of claim 4 , wherein the comparator unit comprises:
a voltage storage unit, comprising a resistor and a capacitor coupled serially between the output terminal of the error amplifier and a grounding terminal, for storing the first comparison signal;
a voltage storage unit, comprising a resistor and a capacitor coupled serially between the output terminal of the error amplifier and a grounding terminal, for storing the first comparison signal;
a comparator, comprising a first positive input terminal coupled to the voltage storage unit and, a second positive input terminal coupled to the first reference voltage, a negative input terminal coupled to a first node and an output terminal;
a load, disposed between the first node and the grounding terminal;
a current source, for generating the first current signal according to a conduction of a first switch; and
a first switch, for conducting or turning off a connection between the current source and the first node according to signals of the output terminal of the comparator.
6. The controller of claim 5 , wherein the comparator outputs a high-level voltage via the output terminal to the first switch when a voltage of the first positive input terminal or the second positive input terminal is greater than that of the negative input terminal, such that the first switch conducts the connection between the current source and the first node.
7. The controller of claim 6 , wherein the comparator outputs a low-level voltage via the output terminal to the first switch when a voltage of the first positive input terminal or the second positive input terminal is smaller than that of the negative input terminal, such that the first switch turns off the connection between the current source and the first node.
8. The controller of claim 7 , wherein the current source generates the first current signal when the first switch conducts the connection between the current source and the first node.
9. The controller of claim 1 , wherein the control unit comprises:
a setting unit, for generating a set signal;
a resetting unit, for generating a reset signal; and
a set/reset (SR) flip-flop, comprising a set terminal coupled to the setting unit, a reset terminal coupled to the resetting unit and an output terminal, for generating the modulating signal according to the set signal and the reset signal.
10. The controller of claim 9 , wherein the resetting unit comprises:
a current summing unit, for summing the first current signal and a second current signal and generating a current sum;
an input voltage unit, for generating an inverted voltage signal according to the current sum;
an error amplifier, for generating a comparison signal according to a first reference voltage and the inverted voltage signal;
a multiplier, for multiplying the comparison signal and the voltage signal from the power supply and generating a voltage product; and
a comparator, coupled to the reset terminal of the SR flip-flop, for comparing the voltage product and the current sense signal and generating the reset signal.
11. The controller of claim 9 , wherein the setting unit comprises:
a zero current detector, for detecting a zero current in the feedback signal and generating the set signal.
12. The controller of claim 1 , further comprising a constant voltage block, for generating a second current signal according to a knee voltage of the feedback signal, comprising:
a peak detector, for generating a peak voltage signal according to a knee voltage of the feedback signal, comprising:
a voltage tracking unit for tracking the feedback signal to output a first voltage signal and outputting a first control signal; and
a sample-and-hold unit coupled to the voltage tracking unit, for sampling the first voltage signal to generate the peak voltage signal;
an error amplifier, coupled to the sample-and-hold unit, for limiting a maximum value of the peak voltage signal to a third reference voltage and generating a second comparison signal according to the peak voltage signal and the third reference signal from an output terminal; and
a comparator unit for generating the second current signal according to the second comparison signal and a first reference voltage.
13. The controller of claim 12 , wherein the comparator unit comprises:
a voltage storage unit, comprising a resistor and a capacitor coupled serially between the output terminal of the error amplifier and a grounding terminal, for storing the second comparison signal;
a comparator, comprising a first positive input terminal coupled to the voltage storage unit and, a second positive input terminal coupled to the first reference voltage, a negative input terminal coupled to a second node and an output terminal;
a load, disposed between the second node and the grounding terminal;
a current source, for generating the second current signal according to a conduction of a second switch; and
a second switch, for conducting or turning off a connection between the current source and the first node according to signals of the output terminal of the comparator.
14. The controller of claim 13 , wherein the comparator outputs a high-level voltage via the output terminal to the second switch when a voltage of the first positive input terminal or the second positive input terminal is greater than that of the negative input terminal, such that the second switch conducts the connection between the current source and the second node.
15. The controller of claim 14 , wherein the comparator outputs a low-level voltage via the output terminal to the second switch when a voltage of the first positive input terminal or the second positive input terminal is smaller than that of the negative input terminal, such that the second switch turns off the connection between the current source and the second node.
16. The controller of claim 15 , wherein the current source generates the second current signal when the second switch conducts the connection between the current source and the second node.
17. The controller of claim 1 , wherein the voltage signal is proportional to a rectified input voltage of the power supply.
18. A power supply comprising:
a transformer comprising:
a primary side winding for providing a primary side current; and
a secondary side winding for providing a secondary side current for the output current, wherein a ratio between the secondary current and the primary current is a constant; and
a controller for the power supply, comprising:
a mapping circuit, coupled to the primary side, for generating a feedback signal corresponding to variations of an output current of the secondary side;
a power switch, comprising a first terminal coupled to the primary side, a second terminal and a third terminal, for conducting a connection between the first terminal and the third terminal according to a modulation signal received by the second terminal, and generating a current sense signal at the third terminal;
a constant current block, for generating a first current signal according to the feedback signal and the current sense signal; and
a control unit, for generating the modulation signal to control the power switch according to the first current signal, the feedback signal, the current sense signal and a voltage signal from the power supply.
19. The power supply of claim 18 , wherein the mapping circuit comprises:
a feedback node, coupled to the constant current block, for generating the feedback signal;
an auxiliary winding, coupled between the feedback node and a grounding terminal;
a diode, having a first terminal coupled to the feedback node, and a second terminal;
a resistor, coupled between the second terminal of the diode and the primary side of the power supply; and
a capacitor, coupled between the second terminal of the diode and the grounding terminal.
20. The power supply of claim 18 , wherein the comparator unit comprises:
a comparison unit, comprising a resistor and a capacitor;
a comparator, with a first positive input terminal coupled to the comparison unit, a second positive input terminal coupled to the first reference voltage, a negative input terminal coupled to a first node and an output terminal;
a voltage source, for generating the first current signal;
a load, disposed between the first node and a ground; and
a switch, coupled to the first node, for switching between the output terminal of the comparator and the voltage source.
21. The power supply of claim 18 , wherein the constant current block comprises:
a waveform detection unit, for detecting a waveform of the current sense signal and generating a captured signal;
a calculation unit, for generating a selected voltage according to the captured signal and the feedback signal, comprising:
a time factor unit for detecting a discharge time of the feedback signal according to the feedback signal and generating a time factor; and
a voltage selection unit coupled to the time factor unit and the waveform detection unit, for dividing the captured signal according to the time factor to generate the selected voltage; and
an error amplifier, coupled to the calculation unit, for limiting a maximum value of the selected voltage to a fourth reference voltage, and generating a first comparison signal according to the selected voltage and the fourth reference voltage from an output terminal;
a comparator unit, for generating the first current signal according to the first comparison signal and a first reference voltage.
22. The power supply of claim 21 , wherein the comparator unit comprises:
a voltage storage unit, comprising a resistor and a capacitor coupled serially between the output terminal of the error amplifier and a grounding terminal, for storing the first comparison signal;
a comparator, comprising a first positive input terminal coupled to the voltage storage unit and, a second positive input terminal coupled to the first reference voltage, a negative input terminal coupled to a first node and an output terminal;
a load, disposed between the first node and the grounding terminal;
a current source, for generating the first current signal according to a conduction of a first switch; and
a first switch, for conducting or turning off a connection between the current source and the first node according to signals of the output terminal of the comparator.
23. The power supply of claim 22 , wherein the comparator outputs a high-level voltage via the output terminal to the first switch when a voltage of the first positive input terminal or the second positive input terminal is greater than that of the negative input terminal, such that the first switch conducts the connection between the current source and the first node.
24. The power supply of claim 23 , wherein the comparator outputs a low-level voltage via the output terminal to the first switch when a voltage of the first positive input terminal or the second positive input terminal is smaller than that of the negative input terminal, such that the first switch turns off the connection between the current source and the first node.
25. The power supply of claim 24 , wherein the current source generates the first current signal when the first switch conducts the connection between the current source and the first node.
26. The power supply of claim 18 , wherein the control unit comprises:
a setting unit, for generating a set signal;
a resetting unit, for generating a reset signal; and
a set/reset (SR) flip-flop, comprising a set terminal coupled to the setting unit, a reset terminal coupled to the resetting unit and an output terminal, for generating the modulating signal according to the set signal and the reset signal.
27. The power supply of claim 26 , wherein the resetting unit comprises:
a current summing unit, for summing the first current signal and a second current signal and generating a current sum;
an input voltage unit, for generating an inverted voltage signal according to the current sum;
an error amplifier, for generating a comparison signal according to a first reference voltage and the inverted voltage signal;
a multiplier, for multiplying the comparison signal and the voltage signal from the power supply and generating a voltage product; and
a comparator, coupled to the reset terminal of the SR flip-flop, for comparing the voltage product and the current sense signal and generating the reset signal.
28. The power supply of claim 26 , wherein the setting unit comprises:
a zero current detector, for detecting a zero current in the feedback signal and generating the set signal.
29. The power supply of claim 18 , further comprising a constant voltage block, for generating a second current signal according to a knee voltage of the feedback signal, comprising:
a peak detector, for generating a peak voltage signal according to a knee voltage of the feedback signal, comprising:
a voltage tracking unit for tracking the feedback signal to output a first voltage signal and outputting a first control signal; and
a sample-and-hold unit coupled to the voltage tracking unit, for sampling the first voltage signal to generate the peak voltage signal;
an error amplifier, coupled to the sample-and-hold unit, for limiting a maximum value of the peak voltage signal to a third reference voltage and generating a second comparison signal according to the peak voltage signal and the third reference signal from an output terminal; and
a comparator unit for generating the second current signal according to the second comparison signal and a first reference voltage.
30. The power supply of claim 29 , wherein the comparator unit comprises:
a voltage storage unit, comprising a resistor and a capacitor coupled serially between the output terminal of the error amplifier and a grounding terminal, for storing the second comparison signal;
a comparator, comprising a first positive input terminal coupled to the voltage storage unit and, a second positive input terminal coupled to the first reference voltage, a negative input terminal coupled to a second node and an output terminal;
a load, disposed between the second node and the grounding terminal;
a current source, for generating the second current signal according to a conduction of a second switch; and
a second switch, for conducting or turning off a connection between the current source and the first node according to signals of the output terminal of the comparator.
31. The power supply of claim 30 , wherein the comparator outputs a high-level voltage via the output terminal to the second switch when a voltage of the first positive input terminal or the second positive input terminal is greater than that of the negative input terminal, such that the second switch conducts the connection between the current source and the second node.
32. The power supply of claim 31 , wherein the comparator outputs a low-level voltage via the output terminal to the second switch when a voltage of the first positive input terminal or the second positive input terminal is smaller than that of the negative input terminal, such that the second switch turns off the connection between the current source and the second node.
33. The power supply of claim 32 , wherein the current source generates the second current signal when the second switch conducts the connection between the current source and the second node.
34. The power supply of claim 18 , wherein the voltage signal is proportional to a rectified input voltage of the power supply.