Mixed butyric-formic esters of acid polysaccharides, and their preparation and use as skin cosmetics
Disclosed are acid polysaccharides characterized by the concomitant presence of alcohol groups esterified with butyric and formic acids.
1. Acid polysaccharides comprising alcohol groups esterified with butyric and formic acids, wherein the polysaccharide is a glycosaminoglycan.
2. Acid polysaccharides as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the glycosaminoglycan is selected from the group consisting of hyaluronic acid, chondroitin sulphate, dermatan sulphate, heparan sulphate and keratan sulphate.
3. Acid polysaccharides as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the carboxyl group is present in acid form or salified with alkali metals.
4. Acid polysaccharides as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the molecular weight is selected from the range of between 10 3 and 10 7 daltons.
5. Acid polysaccharides as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the polysaccharide is hyaluronic acid with a molecular weight of between 10 4 and 10 6 daltons.
6. Acid polysaccharides as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the degree of esterification of butyric acid on the hydroxyl groups of the polysaccharide is between 0.01 and 1*N, where N is the number of free alcohol groups present in the repetitive unit, while the degree of esterification of formic acid on the hydroxyl groups of the polysaccharide is between 0.01 and 0.20.
7. Acid polysaccharides as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the degree of esterification of butyric acid on the hydroxyl groups of the polysaccharide is between 0.01 and 0.2*N, where N is the number of free alcohol groups present in the repetitive unit, while the degree of esterification of formic acid on the hydroxyl groups of the polysaccharide is between 0.01 and 0.20.
8. Acid polysaccharides as claimed in claim 7 , wherein the acid polysaccharide is hyaluronic acid, and wherein the degree of esterification of butyric acid on the hydroxyl groups of the polysaccharide is between 0.01 and 0.8, while the degree of esterification of formic acid on the hydroxyl groups of the polysaccharide is between 0.01 and 0.20.
9. Acid polysaccharides of claim 1 , wherein the carboxyl group is salified with sodium.
10. Process for the preparation of acid polysaccharides of claim 1 , said process comprising:
a) dissolving the acid polysaccharide, salified with sodium or other alkali metals, in formamide by heating to obtain a solution;
b) adding butyric anhydride to the resulting solution, at room temperature, in the presence of an organic base to obtain a homogenous viscous reaction mixture;
c) diluting the homogenous, viscous reaction mixture with an aqueous solution of NaCl and neutralising it to pH 6-7.5;
d) purifying the dilute reaction mixture by dialysis or tangential filtration; and
e) freezing the purified polysaccharide solution and recovering the product by freeze-drying or spray-drying.
11. Process as claimed in claim 10 , wherein the organic base is an aromatic or aliphatic organic base comprising one atom of trisubstituted nitrogen.
12. Process as claimed in claim 10 , wherein the solubilisation temperature of polysaccharide in formamide is between 60° C. and 120° C.
13. Process of claim 12 , wherein said temperature is 95° C.
14. Process of claim 10 , wherein the organic base is dimethylaminopyridine or triethylamine.
15. Process for the preparation of acid polysaccharides of claim 1 , wherein the formate ester originates from hydrolysis of the formamide in the presence of butyric anhydride and a base.
16. Topical compositions containing the acid polysaccharide of claim 1 , and dermatologically acceptable inert carriers.
17. Topical compositions as claimed in claim 16 , including between 0.05% and 5% of polysaccharide acid by weight of the composition.
18. Topical compositions as claimed in claim 16 , selected from the group consisting of creams, ointments, gels, hydrophilic liquids, aqueous or water-alcohol lotions, oil/water or water/oil emulsions.
19. A method of treatment of skin comprising applying the topical composition of claim 16 to the skin of patients in need thereof, the composition further comprising moisturizing, elasticizing, skin-toning and anti-acne agents.
20. A method for adjuvant treatment of skin lesions comprising applying the topical composition of claim 16 to patients in need thereof.
21. The method of claim 20 , wherein the skin lesions are inflammations, chronic ulcers, wounds, atopic or contact dermatitis, or skin hyperthermia caused by radiation.