Low-cost method for fabricating palladium and palladium-alloy thin films on porous supports
A process for forming a palladium or palladium alloy membrane on a ceramic surface by forming a pre-colloid mixture comprising a powder palladium source, carrier fluid, dispersant and a pore former and a binder. Ultrasonically agitating the precolloid mixture and applying to a substrate with an ultrasonic nozzle and heat curing the coating form a palladium-based membrane.
1. A process for forming thin palladium-based dense film on a substrate comprising:
a. providing an uncured ceramic substrate having a surface, wherein the uncured substrate is a mixture of a structural ceramic, a pore former, and a sintering aid;
b. providing a pre-colloid mixture comprising a powdered palladium source, carrier fluid, and dispersant;
c. agitating the pre-colloid mixture to form a colloid;
d. pumping the colloid mixture to an ultrasonic atomizing nozzle;
e. applying the atomized colloid to the surface of the substrate to form a palladium based layer having a thickness from about 1 μm to about 100 μm on the substrate; and
f. heating the substrate and colloid mixture to form a palladium coating on the substrate.
2. The process of claim 1 where the structural ceramic is selected from the group stabilized zirconium, yttrium stabilized zirconium, SrFeCu0.5Ox and alumina.
3. The process of claim 1 wherein the heating is performed at a temperature from about 1000° to about 1300° C.
4. The process of claim 2 wherein the heating is performed under an inert atmosphere.
5. The process of claim 1 wherein the pore former is selected from the group consisting of carbon black, poly(methyl methacrylate-co-ethylene glycol dimethacrylate).
6. The process of claim 1 wherein the powdered palladium source has a particle size less than 1 μm.
7. The process of claim 5 wherein the powdered palladium source is coated with an organic layer.
8. The process of claim 7 wherein the organic layer is a fatty acid.
9. The process of claim 6 wherein the colloid is stable.
10. A hydrogen separation membrane formed on a substrate comprising
a. providing an uncured ceramic substrate having a surface;
b. providing a pre-colloid mixture comprising a powdered palladium source, carrier fluid, and dispersant;
c. agitating the pre-colloid mixture to form a colloid;
d. pumping the colloid mixture to an ultrasonic atomizing nozzle;
e. applying the atomized colloid to the surface of the substrate to form a palladium based layer having a thickness from about 1 μm to about 100 μm on the substrate; and
f. heating the substrate and colloid mixture to form a pure palladium coating on the substrate.
11. The hydrogen separation membrane of claim 10 wherein the uncured substrate is a mixture of structural ceramic, a pore former, and a sintering aid.
12. The hydrogen separation of claim 11 where the structural ceramic is selected from the group stabilized zirconium, yttrium stabilized zirconium, SrFeCo 0.5 Ox and alumina.
13. The hydrogen separation membrane of claim 10 wherein the heating is performed at a temperature from about 1000° to about 1300° C.
14. The hydrogen separation membrane of claim 10 wherein the heating is performed under an inert atmosphere.
15. The hydrogen separation membrane of claim 11 , wherein the pore former is selected from the group consisting of carbon black, poly(methyl methacrylate-co-ethylene glycol dimethacrylate).
16. The hydrogen separation membrane of claim 10 wherein the powdered palladium source has a particle size less than 1 μm.
17. The hydrogen separation membrane of claim 10 wherein the powdered palladium source is coated with an organic layer.
18. The hydrogen separation membrane of claim 17 wherein the organic layer is a fatty acid.
19. The hydrogen separation membrane of claim 10 , wherein the carrier fluid is water.
20. The hydrogen separation membrane of claim 19 , wherein the water is deionized.