Activated inorganic metal oxides
A catalyst system for heterogeneous catalysis of organic compound conversion reactions is disclosed. The system includes a reaction product of (i) a BF 3 /alcohol catalyst complex and (ii) an activated metal oxide support for the catalyst complex. The reaction product includes an amount of the catalyst complex effective for catalyzing the conversion reaction.
1. A catalyst system for heterogeneous catalysis of an isobutylene polymerization reaction to form a polyisobutylene product, the catalyst system comprising a reaction product of (i) a BF 3 /alcohol catalyst complex in which the alcohol has no alpha hydrogen with (ii) an alumina support for said catalyst complex, a concentration of said catalyst complex on said alumina support ranges between 10 to 30% by weight, a ratio of the alcohol to the BF 3 in said catalyst complex ranges between 0.5 mole of the alcohol per mole of BF 3 to 2 moles of the alcohol per mole of BF 3 , said alumina support consisting essentially of alumina.
2. The catalyst system of claim 1 , wherein the isobutylene polymerization reaction comprises Friedel-Crafts alkylation, phenolic alkylation, olefin dimerization, olefin oligomerization, olefin polymerization, propylene oligomerization, propylene polymerization, butylene dimerization, butylene oligomerization, isobutylene dimerization, isobutylene oligomerization, butylene polymerization, isobutylene polymerization or isoparaffin alkylation.
3. The catalyst system of claim 1 , wherein the concentration of said catalyst complex on the alumina ranges from about 25 to about 30% by weight.
4. The catalyst system of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst system is a fixed bed.
5. The catalyst system of claim 1 , wherein alumina support consists essentially of gamma alumina.
6. The catalyst system of claim 1 , wherein the ratio of alcohol to BF 3 in the catalyst complex ranges from about 1 mole of alcohol per mole of BF 3 to 1.3 moles of alcohol per mole of BF 3 .
7. A method for preparing a catalyst system for heterogeneous catalysis of an isobutylene polymerization reaction to form polyisobutylene, the method comprising reacting (i) a BF 3 /alcohol catalyst complex in which the alcohol has no alpha hydrogen with (ii) an alumina support for said catalyst complex, wherein a concentration of said catalyst complex on said alumina support ranges between 10 to 30% by weight, and wherein a ratio of the alcohol to the BF 3 in said catalyst complex ranges between 0.5 mole of the alcohol per mole of BF 3 to 2 moles of the alcohol per mole of BF 3 , said alumina support consisting essentially of alumina.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein said alumina support consists essentially of gamma alumina.