Image processing method
A method and apparatus for localizing an area in relative movement and for determining the speed and direction thereof in real time is disclosed. Each pixel of an image is smoothed using its own time constant. A binary value corresponding to the existence of a significant variation in the amplitude of the smoothed pixel from the prior frame, and the amplitude of the variation, are determined, and the time constant for the pixel is updated. For each particular pixel, two matrices are formed that include a subset of the pixels spatially related to the particular pixel. The first matrix contains the binary values of the subset of pixels. The second matrix contains the amplitude of the variation of the subset of pixels. In the first matrix, it is determined whether the pixels along an oriented direction relative to the particular pixel have binary values representative of significant variation, and, for such pixels, it is determined in the second matrix whether the amplitude of these pixels varies in a known manner indicating movement in the oriented direction. In each of several domains, histogram of the values in the first and second matrices falling in such domain is formed. Using the histograms, it is determined whether there is an area having the characteristics of the particular domain. The domains include luminance, hue, saturation, speed (V), oriented direction (D 1 ), time constant (CO), first axis (x(m)), and second axis (y(m)).
1. A process of tracking a target in an input signal implemented using a system comprising an image processing system, the input signal comprising a succession of frames, each frame comprising a succession of pixels, the target comprising pixels in one or more of a plurality of classes in one or more of a plurality of domains, the process performed by said system comprising, on a frame-by-frame basis:
forming at least one histogram of the pixels in the one or more of a plurality of classes in the one or more of a plurality of domains, said at least one histogram referring to classes defining said target, and identifying the target in said at least one histogram itself,
wherein identifying the target in said at least one histogram further comprises determining a center of the target to be between X and Y minima and maxima of the target.
2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein identifying the target in said at least one histogram further comprises determining a center of the target to be between X and Y minima and maxima of the target.
3. The process according to claim 1 , wherein identifying the target in said at least one histogram further comprises determining the center of the target at regular intervals.
4. The process according to claim 1 further comprising drawing a tracking box around the target.
5. The process according to claim 1 , wherein said image processing system comprises at least one components selected from a memory, a temporal processing unit, and a spatial processing unit.
6. The process according to claim 1 , wherein said image processing system comprises at least two components selected from a memory, a temporal processing unit, and a spatial processing unit.
7. The process according to claim 1 , wherein forming the at least one histogram further comprises successively increasing the size of a selected area until the boundary of the target is found.
8. A process of tracking a target in an input signal implemented using a system comprising an image processing system, the input signal comprising a succession of frames, each frame comprising a succession of pixels, the target comprising pixels in one or more of a plurality of classes in one or more of a plurality of domains, the process performed by said system comprising, on a frame-by-frame basis:
forming at least one histogram of the pixels in the one or more of a plurality of classes in the one or more of a plurality of domains, said at least one histogram referring to classes defining said target, and identifying the target in said at least one histogram itself,
wherein forming the at least one histogram further comprises successively increasing the size of a selected area until the boundary of the target is found.
9. The process according to claim 8 , wherein identifying the target in said at least one histogram further comprises determining a center of the target to be between X and Y minima and maxima of the target.
10. The process according to claim 8 , wherein identifying the target in said at least one histogram further comprises determining the center of the target at regular intervals.
11. The process according to claim 8 further comprising drawing a tracking box around the target.
12. The process according to claim 8 , wherein said image processing system comprises at least one components selected from a memory, a temporal processing unit, and a spatial processing unit.
13. The process according to claim 8 , wherein said image processing system comprises at least two components selected from a memory, a temporal processing unit, and a spatial processing unit.