Ruthenium or osmium complexes and their uses as catalysts for water oxidation
The present invention provides ruthenium or osmium complexes and their uses as a catalyst for catalytic water oxidation. Another aspect of the invention provides an electrode and photo-electrochemical cells for electrolysis of water molecules.
1. A method of generating hydrogen (H 2 ) and/or oxygen (O 2 ) gases, the method comprising:
providing a catalyst comprising a complex according to formula (I):
wherein M is ruthenium (Ru) or osmium (Os), L 1 is a bidentate ligand, L 2 is a tridentate ligand, L 3 is a monodentate ligand, and n is 2 or 1, and adding the catalyst to an electrolytic media under a condition effective to generate hydrogen and/or oxygen.
2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising exposing the electrolytic media that contains the catalyst to light radiation to generate hydrogen and/or oxygen gases.
3. A method of generating methanol, hydrocarbons and/or oxygen (O 2 ) gases comprising: providing (a) a catalyst comprising a complex according to formula (I):
wherein M is ruthenium (Ru) or osmium (Os), L 1 is a bidentate ligand, L 2 is a tridentate ligand, L 3 is a monodentate ligand, and n is 2 or 1, and (b) a supporting substrate,
adding the catalyst to an electrolytic media under a condition effective to generate methanol, hydrocarbons and/or oxygen (O 2 ).
4. The method of claim 3 , further comprising exposing the electrolytic media that contains the catalyst to light radiation to generate methanol, hydrocarbons and/or oxygen (O 2 ).
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein, in the complex according to formula (I),
L 1 is a bidentate ligand selected from the group consisting of
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein L 3 is OH 2 .
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the complex of formula (I) is selected from the group consisting of [Ru(tpy)(bpy)(OH 2 )] 2+ , [Ru(tpy)(bpm)(OH 2 )] 2+ , [Ru(tpy)(bpz)(OH 2 )] 2+ , [Ru(tpy)(Mebim-pz)(OH 2 )] 2+ , [Ru(tpy)(Mebim-py)(OH 2 )] 2+ , [Ru(DMAP)(bpy)(OH 2 )] 2+ , [Ru(Mebimpy)(bpy)(OH 2 )] 2+ , [Ru(Mebimpy)(Mebim-pz)(OH 2 )] 2+ , [Ru(Mebimpy)(Mebim-py)(OH 2 )] 2+ , {Ru(Mebimpy)[4,4′-((HO) 2 OPCH 2 ) 2 bpy](OH 2 )} 2+ , and Os(tpy)(bpy)(OH 2 ) 2+ .
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the complex according to formula (I) comprises the structure {Ru(Mebimpy)[4,4′-((HO) 2 OPCH 2 ) 2 bpy](OH 2 )} 2+ .
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the complex according to formula (I) comprises a complex of Formula A or B:
wherein, for Formula A and B, the ligand
is independently selected from the group consisting of
10. The method of claim 3 , wherein, in the complex according to formula (I),
L 1 is a bidentate ligand selected from the group consisting of
11. The method of claim 3 , wherein L 3 is OH 2 .
12. The method of claim 3 , wherein the complex of formula (I) is selected from the group consisting of [Ru(tpy)(bpy)(OH 2 )] 2+ , [Ru(tpy)(bpm)(OH 2 )] 2+ , [Ru(tpy)(bpz)(OH 2 )] 2+ , [Ru(tpy)(Mebim-pz)(OH 2 )] 2+ , [Ru(tpy)(Mebim-py)(OH 2 )] 2+ , [Ru(DMAP)(bpy)(OH 2 )] 2+ , [Ru(Mebimpy)(bpy)(OH 2 )] 2+ , [Ru(Mebimpy)(Mebim-pz)(OH 2 )] 2 +, [Ru(Mebimpy)(Mebim-py)(OH 2 )] 2+ , {Ru(Mebimpy)[4,4′-((HO) 2 OPCH 2 ) 2 bpy](OH 2 )} 2+ , and Os(tpy)(bpy)(OH 2 ) 2+ .
13. The method of claim 3 , wherein the complex according to formula (I) comprises the structure {Ru(Mebimpy)[4,4′-((HO) 2 OPCH 2 ) 2 bpy](OH 2 )} 2+ .
14. The method of claim 3 , wherein the complex according to formula (I) comprises a complex of Formula A or B:
wherein, for Formula A and B, the ligand
is independently selected from the group consisting of