Glycoprotein synthesis and remodeling by enzymatic transglycosylation
A chemoenzymatic method for the preparation of a homogeneous glycoprotein or glycopeptide, including (a) providing an acceptor selected from the group consisting of GlcNAc-protein and GlcNAc-peptide; and (b) reacting the acceptor with a donor substrate including an activated oligosaccharide moiety, in the presence of a catalyst comprising endoglycosidase (ENGase), to transfer the oligosaccharide moiety to the acceptor and yield the homogeneous glycoprotein or glycopeptide. The donor substrate includes, in a specific implementation, a synthetic oligosaccharide oxazoline. A related method of glycoprotein or glycopeptide remodeling with a predetermined natural N-glycan or a tailor-made oligosaccharide moiety, and a method of remodeling an antibody including a heterogeneous sugar chain, are also described. The disclosed methodology enables glycoprotein drugs to be modified for prolonged half-life in vivo, reduced immunogenicity, and enhanced in vivo activity, and for targeting and drug delivery.
1. A method of synthesizing a modified antibody or modified fragment thereof, the method comprising;
providing an antibody or fragment thereof comprising at least one N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) moiety to form GlcNAc-peptide acceptor; wherein the N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) moiety is positioned on the Fc region of the antibody or Fc region of the fragment thereof;
transglycosylating an oligosaccharide oxazoline having a predetermined number of saccharides and the GlcNAc-peptide acceptor under the catalysis of an endoglycosidase (ENGase) enzyme to form the modified antibody or modified fragment thereof with the predetermined number of saccharides.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the modified antibody or modified fragment thereof further comprises an additional moiety wherein the additional moiety is a therapeutic agent for treating cancer, a therapeutic agent for HIV; a toxin, an antibody different from the modified antibody an antigen, a therapeutic polypeptide, a chemokine and/or a cytokine.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the antibody is selected from the group consisting of 17b, 48d, A32, C11, 2G12, F240, IgG1b12, 19e, X5, TNX-355 and F91.