Common-mode suppression filter for microstrip 10-Gb/s differential lines
Several implementations disclosed herein are directed to compact-size common-mode filters that are suitable for implementation in densely populated multilayered printed circuit boards (PCBs) with numerous I/O ports—as well as integrated circuit (IC) chips and I/O connectors—to suppress EMI emissions. Certain implementation are specifically directed to filters for four differential signal lines that carry 10-Gb/s digital signals. These implementations provide common-mode suppression within gigahertz frequencies where common-mode noise comprising 10-Gb/s signal is problematic, but without any significant degradation of differential-mode signals. Moreover, certain of these implementations are directed to compact-size filters that suppress common-mode signal noise at 10.3 GHz associated with the fundamental harmonic 10 Gb/s-signals of XFI and SFI. In other implementations, a combination of filters is presented to provide common-mode noise suppression at both the first harmonic frequency of 10.3 GHz as well as the second harmonic frequency of 20.6 GHz.
1. A common-mode noise filter comprising:
a first electromagnetic band-gap (EBG) filter placed between a first reference plane and a first plurality of differential signal lines comprising at least two pairs of differential signal lines; and
at least two 10-GHz EBG cells and at least four 20-GHz EBG cells.
2. The common-mode noise filter of claim 1 , further comprising:
a second EBG filter placed between a second reference plane and a second plurality of differential signal lines comprising at least two pairs of differential signal lines, said second plurality of differential signal lines located opposite the first plurality of differential signal lines.
3. The common-mode noise filter of claim 1 , wherein the common noise filter suppresses common-mode noise from at least four pairs of differential signal lines.
4. The common-mode noise filter of claim 3 , wherein the common-mode noise filter is comprised of a material with a dielectric constant of four and having dimensions no greater than 5.0 mm by 3.0 mm.
5. The common-mode noise filter of claim 3 , wherein the common-mode noise filter is comprised of a material with a dielectric constant of eight and having dimensions no greater than 3.0 mm by 2.0 mm.
6. The common-mode noise filter of claim 1 , further comprising at least four 10-GHz EBG cells.
7. The common-mode noise filter of claim 1 , further comprising at least four ¼-wavelength 20-GHz EBG cells.
8. The common-mode noise filter of claim 1 , wherein the first plurality of differential lines is no more than 0.1 mm above or below the common-mode noise filter.
9. A common-mode noise filter comprising at least one EBG cell, said EBG cell comprising:
a via pad comprising a through-hole;
at least one stripe coupled to the via pad;
at least one base coupled to the at least one stripe; and
at least one quarter coupled to each base.
10. The common-mode noise filter of claim 9 , wherein the at least one EBG cell comprises four upper 10-GHz EBG cells and four lower 10-GHz EBG cells.
11. The common-mode noise filter of claim 9 , wherein the at least one EBG cell comprises:
two upper 10-GHz EBG cells;
two lower 10-GHz EBG cells;
four upper ¼-wavelength 20-GHz EBG cells; and
four lower ¼-wavelength 20-GHz EBG cells.
12. The common-mode noise filter of claim 11 , wherein two adjacent 10-GHz EBG cells are separated by a gap g1 of no more than 0.1 mm.
13. The common-mode noise filter of claim 11 , wherein two adjacent ¼-wavelength 20-GHz EBG cells are separated by a gap g3 of no more than 0.2 mm.
14. The common-mode noise filter of claim 11 , wherein a 10-GHz EBG cell adjacent to a ¼-wavelength 20-GHz EBG cell are separated by a gap g2 of no more than 0.4 mm.
15. A common-mode noise filter EBG cell comprising:
a via pad with a central through-hole;
at least one stripe coupled to the via pad;
at least one base coupled to the at least one stripe; and
at least one quarter coupled to each base.
16. The common-mode noise filter EBG cell of claim 15 , wherein the via pad has a diameter dvp of no more than 0.45 mm, and wherein the central through-hole has a diameter dv no greater than 0.25 mm.
17. The common-mode noise filter EBG cell of claim 15 , wherein the at least one stripe has a width g1 no greater than 0.1 mm and a length ls no greater than 0.8 mm.
18. The common-mode noise filter EBG cell of claim 15 , wherein the at least one quarter has a length ls no greater than 0.8 mm.
19. The common-mode noise filter EBG cell of claim 15 , further comprising four quarters wherein each quarter is separated from each other quarter by a gap of no more than 0.1 mm.
20. The common-mode noise filter EBG cell of claim 19 , wherein at least one quarter is separated from the at least one stripe by no more than 0.1 mm.