Inoculation process and device
The present invention describes an inoculation process for inoculating a nucleating additive to a cast iron alloy in a pouring distributor by means of using a transferred arc plasma torch, with an anode partially immersed in the cast iron alloy and a cathode located on the surface of said alloy, the anode or the cathode or both comprising graphite, preferably synthetic crystalline graphite, which supplies said nucleating additive to the iron alloy. The invention thus describes an inoculation device useful for carrying out the inoculation process.
1. A process for inoculating a cast iron alloy, which comprises establishing a plasma arc between a surface of said alloy and a cathode of a transferred arc plasma torch arranged in a pouring distributor located before an alloy mold, the transferred arc plasma torch comprising an anode partially immersed in the cast iron alloy and the cathode being arranged on the alloy, wherein the anode or the cathode or both comprise graphite which supplies a nucleating additive to the iron alloy.
2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the cathode comprises graphite.
3. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the anode comprises graphite.
4. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the cathode and the anode comprise graphite.
5. The process according to claim 4 , wherein the anode and the cathode are arranged such that a radiation of the plasma arc generated in the cathode acts on a part of the anode which is not immersed in the cast iron alloy, thereby causing heating of the anode.
6. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the graphite is synthetic crystalline graphite.
7. The process according to claim 1 , wherein a part of the cathode is in contact with a plasma gas generated by the plasma arc, said part of the cathode comprising synthetic crystalline graphite, and wherein the nucleating additive is detached from the cathode and incorporated in the cast iron alloy by entrainment of the plasma gas generated by the plasma arc.
8. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the part of the anode immersed in the cast iron alloy comprises synthetic crystalline graphite, and the nucleating additive is detached from the anode and incorporated in the cast iron alloy by contact of the anode with the cast iron alloy.
9. A device for inoculating a cast iron alloy, comprising (i) a transferred arc plasma torch and (ii) a pouring distributor located before a mold, said plasma torch being arranged in said pouring distributor, the plasma torch comprising an anode positioned to be partially immersed in a molten cast iron alloy contained in the pouring distributor and a cathode positioned for establishing a plasma arc between the cathode and a surface of the molten alloy, wherein the anode or the cathode or both comprises graphite which is configured to supply a nucleating additive to the cast iron alloy.
10. The device according to claim 9 , wherein the graphite is synthetic crystalline graphite.
11. The device according to claim 9 , wherein the pouring distributor has a configuration selected from the group consisting of: 1) runner or spout of a pouring furnace; 2) a trough; 3) a tilting pouring ladle; and 4) a ladle with transfer to a pouring tray.
12. The device according to claim 11 , wherein the anode and the cathode are in the pouring distributor located in an axis of circulation and discharge direction towards the mold.
13. The device according to claim 12 , wherein the anode or the cathode or both are arranged inside a closed chamber in an inert atmosphere.
14. The device according to claim 9 , wherein the plasma torch is a heating means which can increase the cast iron alloy's temperature for adjusting it to a setpoint pouring temperature, with a tolerance of less than ±5° C.
15. The device according to claim 9 , wherein the device is configured to regulate the amount of the anode which is immersed in the cast iron alloy.