Preparation of sensors on oligo- or poly (ethylene glycol) films on silicon surfaces
A sensor that includes a) a silicon (Si) substrate having a surface; and b) a monolayer of oligoethylene glycol (OEG) bonded to the surface via silicon-carbon bonds. Regions of the OEG monolayer distal to the surface are functionalized with a molecular probe serving as a recognition element for a bioanalyte. A method of making a silicon surface that recognizes a biological specimen includes 1) hydrosilylating with a mixture that includes an oligoethylene glycol (OEG) substituted with an alkene at one end of the OEG and capped at the opposing end of the OEG and an oligoethylene glycol (OEG) substituted with an alkene at one end of the OEG and an alkyne having a protecting group at the opposing end of the OEG and 2) removing the protecting group from the alkyne; and 3) reacting the alkyne with a reagent in a 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition.
1. A catalyst effective for a 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction, wherein the catalyst comprises Cu(I) and a triazole ligand comprising oligoethylene glycol, wherein the triazole ligand is selected from
2. The catalyst according to claim 1 , wherein the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction comprises functionalizing regions of an OEG monolayer with a molecular probe, wherein the molecular probe serves as recognition element for a bioanalyte.
3. The catalyst according to claim 2 , wherein the regions are distal to a surface, wherein a silicon (Si) substrate comprises the surface.
4. The catalyst according to claim 1 , wherein the trizole ligand is water soluble.
5. A catalyst effective for a 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction, wherein the catalyst comprises Cu(I) and a ligand selected from among
wherein the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction comprises functionalizing regions of an OEG monolayer with a molecular probe, wherein the molecular probe serves as recognition element for a bioanalyte, wherein the regions are distal to a surface, wherein a silicon (Si) substrate comprises the surface.