Processes for the production of hydrofluoroolefins
The present invention provides continuous, gas phase, free radical processes for the production of chlorinated and/or fluorinated propenes or higher alkenes from the reaction of chlorinated and/or fluorinated alkanes and chlorinated and/or fluorinated alkenes, wherein wherein at least a portion of any intermediate boiler by-products generated by the process are removed from the process.
1. A process for preparing one or more hydrofluoroolefins comprising:
producing one or more chlorinated and/or fluorinated propene/higher alkenes from one or more chlorinated and/or fluorinated alkanes and chlorinated and/or fluorinated alkenes in a continuous, gas phase, free radical process, wherein at least a portion of any by-products with boiling points between those of two reactants and generated by the process are removed from the process; and
converting at least one of the chlorinated and/or fluorinated propene/higher alkenes produced into one or more hydrofluoroolefins.
2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the one or more hydrofluoroolefins are of the formula CF 3 CF═CHZ, where Z is H, F, Cl, I or Br.
3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the chlorinated and/or fluorinated propene/higher alkenes comprise 1,1,2,3-tetrachloropropene, 1,1,3,3-tetrachloropropylene, 1,1,2,3-tetrafluoropropylene, or 1,1,2-chloro-3-fluoro-propene.
4. The process of claim 3 , wherein the chlorinated and/or fluorinated propene/higher alkenes comprise 1,1,2,3-tetrachloropropene or 1,1,2chloro -3-fluoro-propene.
5. The process of claim 4 , wherein the chlorinated and/or fluorinated propene/higher alkene comprises 1,1,2,3-tetrachloropropene.
6. The process of claim 5 , wherein step of converting comprises fluorinating a feedstock of the 1,1,2,3 tetrachloropropene in a catalyzed, gas phase reaction to provide 2-chloro-3,3,3-tri-fluoropropene.
7. The process of claim 6 , wherein the 2-chloro-2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropane is dehydrochlorinated to provide 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene.
8. The process of claim 1 , wherein the chlorinated and/or fluorinated alkanes have the formula CH 4-a-b Cl a F b , wherein a and b are each independently 0-3 and 4-a-b is at least one.
9. The process of claim 8 , wherein the process comprises at least one thermally sensitive component selected from the group consisting of a reactant, product, byproduct, catalyst, or combinations of these.
10. The process of claim 1 , further comprising one or more of i) reducing fouling within the process and/or minimizing the impact of any fouling that may occur, ii) recycling at least a portion of any unreacted reactants, products, by-products and/or diluents, and/or iii) purification of at least one product and/or byproduct of the reaction.
11. The process of claim 10 , wherein reducing fouling within the process comprises incorporating a diluent into the process, wherein the diluent is a byproduct of the process.