Methods related to power semiconductor devices with thick bottom oxide layers
A method can include forming a drift region, forming a well region above the drift region, and forming an active trench extending through the well region and into the drift region. The method can include forming a first source region in contact with a first sidewall of the active trench and a second source region in contact with a second sidewall of the active trench. The method also includes forming a charge control trench where the charge control trench is aligned parallel to the active trench and laterally separated from the active trench by a mesa region, and where the portion of the well region is in contact with the charge control trench and excludes any source region. The method also includes forming an oxide along a bottom of the active trench having a thickness greater than a thickness of an oxide along the first sidewall of the active trench.
1. A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device, comprising:
forming a drift region of a first conductivity type;
forming a well region above the drift region and having a second conductivity type opposite the first conductivity type;
forming an active trench extending through the well region and into the drift region;
forming a first source region in contact with a first sidewall of the active trench and a second source region in contact with a second sidewall of the active trench;
forming a charge control trench extending through a portion of the well region and deeper into the drift region than the active trench, the charge control trench being aligned parallel to the active trench and being laterally separated from the active trench by a mesa region, the portion of the well region being in contact with the charge control trench and excluding any source region;
forming an oxide along a bottom of the active trench having a thickness greater than a thickness of an oxide along the first sidewall of the active trench;
forming an electrode in the active trench; and
forming a source region, having the first conductivity type, in the well region.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the forming the oxide further includes:
forming a conformal oxide film by a sub-atmospheric chemical vapor deposition process that substantially fills the active trench and covers at least a portion of a top surface of a semiconductor substrate; and
etching at least a first portion of the oxide film off a top surface of the semiconductor substrate; and
etching at least a second portion of the oxide film from inside the trench leaving a substantially flat layer of the oxide along the bottom of the active trench.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the oxide along the bottom of the bottom of the active trench and the oxide along the first sidewall of the active trench are formed using a temperature treatment to densify at least a portion of the oxide.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the forming the oxide further includes:
depositing the oxide by a directional Tetraethoxysilate (TEOS) process that forms a thicker film of the oxide on horizontal surfaces including the bottom of the active trench than vertical surfaces including the first sidewall of the active trench; and
isotropically etching the oxide until all of the oxide on the first sidewall of the active trench is removed leaving the oxide along the bottom of the active trench having a target thickness.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the oxide along the bottom of the bottom of the active trench and the oxide along the first sidewall of the active trench are formed using a dry top oxide etch followed by a wet buffered oxide etch.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the oxide along the bottom of the bottom of the active trench and the oxide along the first sidewall of the active trench are formed using a dry top oxide etch, the dry top oxide etch includes a fog etch process that etches a portion of the oxide near a top edge of the active trench at an accelerated rate as compared to a portion of the oxide near the bottom of the active trench.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the forming the oxide along the bottom of the active trench and the oxide along the first sidewall of the active trench includes depositing using a high density plasma deposition process,
the method further comprising:
removing at least a portion of the oxide from the first sidewall of the active trench by a wet etch process such that a profile of the active trench slopes away from the active trench near a top of the active trench.
8. A method, comprising:
forming a trench in a semiconductor substrate;
forming a layer of pad oxide on the semiconductor substrate;
depositing a layer of silicon nitride on the pad oxide;
performing an anisotropic etch to remove silicon nitride from at least a portion of a bottom of the trench and leaving at least a portion of the layer of silicon nitride on a sidewall of the trench;
depositing, using a sub-atmospheric chemical vapor deposition process, an oxide on the portion of the bottom of the trench, the pad oxide, the silicon nitride, and the oxide deposited using the sub-atmospheric chemical vapor deposition process collectively defining at least a portion of a sandwich layer of oxide-nitride-oxide;
removing, using an etch process, the sandwich layer of oxide-nitride-oxide from the sidewall of the trench;
forming a source region adjacent the sidewall of the trench; and
forming a charge control trench laterally spaced from the trench by a mesa region, the charge control trench being aligned parallel to the trench.
9. A method, comprising:
forming a trench in a semiconductor substrate;
forming a layer of pad oxide on the semiconductor substrate including on a sidewall of the trench and on a bottom of the trench;
forming a layer of nitride on top of the pad oxide;
removing a first portion of the layer of nitride from the bottom of the trench and leaving a second portion of the layer of nitride adjacent to the pad oxide on a sidewall of the trench;
removing a portion of the pad oxide exposing a surface of the bottom of the trench;
performing an anisotropic etch of the exposed surface of the bottom of the trench to form a lower trench portion;
forming a layer of oxide in the lower trench portion;
forming at least two electrodes in the trench; and
forming a charge control trench laterally spaced from the trench by a mesa region, the charge control trench being aligned parallel to the trench.
10. A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device, comprising:
forming a drift region of a first conductivity type;
forming a well region above the drift region and having a second conductivity type opposite the first conductivity type;
forming an active trench extending through the well region and into the drift region;
forming a first source region in contact with a first sidewall of the active trench and a second source region in contact with a second sidewall of the active trench;
forming a charge control trench extending through a portion of the well region and deeper into the drift region than the active trench, the charge control trench being aligned parallel to the active trench and being laterally separated from the active trench by a mesa region, the portion of the well region being in contact with the charge control trench and excluding any source region;
forming an oxide along a bottom of the active trench having a thickness greater than a thickness of an oxide along the first sidewall of the active trench the forming the oxide includes removing a pad oxide from a plurality of horizontal surfaces including a portion of the bottom of the trench;
forming an electrode in the active trench; and
forming the first source region, having the first conductivity type, in the well region.
11. A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device, comprising:
forming a drift region of a first conductivity type;
forming a well region above the drift region and having a second conductivity type opposite the first conductivity type;
forming an active trench extending through the well region and into the drift region;
forming a first source region in contact with a first sidewall of the active trench and a second source region in contact with a second sidewall of the active trench;
forming a charge control trench extending through a portion of the well region and deeper into the drift region than the active trench, the charge control trench being aligned parallel to the active trench and being laterally separated from the active trench by a mesa region, the portion of the well region being in contact with the charge control trench and excluding any source region;
forming an oxide along a bottom of the active trench having a thickness greater than a thickness of an oxide along the first sidewall of the active trench;
forming a first electrode in the active trench;
forming a second electrode disposed in the active trench below the first electrode; and
forming the first source region, having the first conductivity type, in the well region.
12. The method of claim 11 , further comprising:
forming a third electrode in the charge control trench, the active trench including a different number of electrodes than the charge control trench.