Compositions and methods for permanent straightening of hair
Improved hair straightening topical compositions comprising transglutaminase, sodium metabisulfite, and a system for stabilizing the pH of the composition, and for inhibiting the generation of sulfur dioxide. Optionally, one or more additional hair straightening agents, that are capable of affecting secondary, tertiary and quaternary protein structures of human hair may be included. Optionally, polylysine may be included which, in combination with TGase, acts to form a surface barrier film and moisture shield around human hair. The invention includes methods of using such topical compositions.
1. A topical composition comprising:
a cosmetically acceptable aqueous base;
transglutaminase;
sodium metabisulfite (Na 2 S 2 O 5 ) in dynamic equilibrium with sodium bisulfite (NaHSO 3 ), and
a system that drives the equilibrium toward the formation of sodium metabisulfite, and away from the formation of sodium bisulfite, and that reduces S—S bonds in hair;
the topical composition for straightening the hair having a pH from about 5.0 to about 7.5 wherein the system is a pH buffer/oxygen scavenging system comprising sodium sulfate (Na2SO4), and sodium sulfite (Na2SO3), that is able to maintain the pH of the composition between about 5.0 and about 7.5, for at least thirty days and wherein the ratio of sodium sulfite (Na2SO3) to sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) is between 1:1 and 10:1 and the topical composition further comprising about 0.00001% to about 2% of polylysine and the topical composition having no sodium hydroxide, no potassium hydroxide, no lithium hydroxide, no guanidine hydroxide, no thioglycolates, no cysteine, no ammonium sulfite, no ammonium bisulfite, or formaldehyde, wherein the topical composition is for straightening the hair.
2. A topical composition of claim 1 wherein the pH buffer/oxygen scavenging system is able to maintain the pH of the topical composition for straightening the hair between about 6.0 and about 6.5, for at least thirty days.
3. A topical composition for straightening the hair according to claim 1 wherein the transglutaminase is calcium independent, and present in an amount that provides at least 0.5 Units of activity per gram of topical composition for straightening the hair.
4. A topical composition for straightening the hair according to claim 1 wherein the transglutaminase is calcium dependent, present in an amount that provides at least 0.5 Units of activity per gram of topical composition for straightening the hair, and the topical composition for straightening the hair further comprises calcium.
5. A topical composition for straightening the hair according to claim 1 further comprising tourmaline.
6. A method of straightening hair comprising the steps of:
treating non-straightened hair by applying a topical composition for straightening the hair according to claim 1 ;
allowing the topical composition for straightening the hair to dwell on the treated hair for at least 10 minutes, while not being exposed to temperatures in excess of 45° C., such that S—S bonds in the hair are reduced by the topical composition for straightening the hair;
setting the treated hair into a straightened configuration.
7. A method according to claim 6 wherein:
after the step of allowing the topical composition for straightening the hair to dwell, the treated hair is wetted; and
during or after the step of setting the hair, a heated dryer is used to dry the treated hair.
8. A method according to claim 6 wherein:
after the step of allowing the topical composition for straightening the hair to dwell, a hot iron having a temperature of at least 350° F., is passed through the treated hair, at least twice.
9. A method according to claim 6 wherein:
after the step of applying a topical composition for straightening the hair to non-straightened hair, the tourmaline is activated.
10. A method of claim 6 wherein:
before the step of applying a topical composition for straightening the hair to non-straightened hair, the non-straightened hair is wetted.
11. The method of claim 6 wherein after the step of setting the treated hair, the hair is shampooed.