Range image sensor
Since the accumulation regions fd 1 , fd 2 are connected only to a single capacitor C 1 , a pixel can be decreased in size to improve spatial resolution. And, charges transferred into the accumulation regions fd 1 , fd 2 are temporarily accumulated, thereby improving a signal-noise ratio. The driving circuit DRV conducts dummy switching so that the number of switching of the first switch Φ 1 is equal to the number of switching of the second switch Φ 2 after termination of the reset period within one cycle, thus making it possible to cancel offset and obtain a more accurate range image.
1. A range image sensor comprising:
an imaging region which receives reflected light of radiated light to an object; and
a driving circuit which drives the imaging region,
wherein
the imaging region comprises a plurality of pixels which are one-dimensionally or two-dimensionally arranged on a semiconductor substrate,
each of the pixels includes:
a photosensitive region,
first and second accumulation regions adjacent to the photosensitive region,
first and second transfer electrodes which respectively control charges flowing into the first and the second accumulation regions,
a capacitor which is electrically connected between the first and the second accumulation regions,
a first switch interposed between a first terminal of the capacitor and the first accumulation region,
a second switch interposed between a second terminal of the capacitor and the second accumulation region,
a third switch interposed between the second terminal of the capacitor and a reference potential, and
a fourth switch interposed between the first terminal of the capacitor and the reference potential, and
the driving circuit sets a reset period during which all the first, the second, the third, and the fourth switches are turned ON at the initial time of one cycle, setting alternately a first period and a second period within one cycle,
turning both the first and the third switches ON and turning both the second and the fourth switches OFF in the first period,
turning both the first and the third switches OFF and turning both the second and the fourth switches ON in the second period, and
imparting to the first and the second transfer electrodes modulating signals which are in synchronization with a modulating signal of the radiated light and mutually reversed in phase within the one cycle.
2. The range image sensor according to claim 1 , wherein the driving circuit additionally switches the first or the second switch so that the number of switching of the first switch is equal to the number of switching of the second switch after termination of the reset period within the one cycle.
3. The range image sensor according to claim 1 , wherein
(a) the driving circuit imparts a modulating signal to the first transfer electrode within a specific one cycle at timing having a phase difference of 0° with respect to the modulating signal of the radiated light and imparts to the second transfer electrode a modulating signal reversed in phase to the modulating signal imparted to the first transfer electrode,
(b) it imparts a modulating signal to the first transfer electrode within another one cycle at timing having a phase difference of 90° with respect to the modulating signal of the radiated light and imparts to the second transfer electrode a modulating signal reversed in phase to the modulating signal imparted to the first transfer electrode,
(c) it imparts a modulating signal to the first transfer electrode within still another one cycle at timing having a phase difference of 180° with respect to the modulating signal of the radiated light and imparts to the second transfer electrode a modulating signal reversed in phase to the modulating signal imparted to the first transfer electrode, and
(d) it imparts a modulating signal to the first transfer electrode within another one cycle different from the above at timing having a phase difference of 270° with respect to the modulating signal of the radiated light and imparts to the second transfer electrode a modulating signal reversed in phase to the modulating signal imparted to the first transfer electrode, and
the order of the first period and the second period within each of the above-described one cycles of (a) to (d) is the same.
4. The range image sensor according to claim 1 , wherein
(a) the driving circuit imparts a modulating signal to the first transfer electrode within a specific one cycle at timing having a phase difference of 0° with respect to the modulating signal of the radiated light and imparts to the second transfer electrode a modulating signal reversed in phase to the modulating signal imparted to the first transfer electrode,
(b) it imparts a modulating signal to the first transfer electrode within another one cycle at timing having a phase difference of 90° with respect to the modulating signal of the radiated light and imparts to the second transfer electrode a modulating signal reversed in phase to the modulating signal imparted to the first transfer electrode,
(c) it imparts a modulating signal to the first transfer electrode within still another one cycle at timing having a phase difference of 0° with respect to the modulating signal of the radiated light and imparts to the second transfer electrode a modulating signal reversed in phase to the modulating signal imparted to the first transfer electrode, and
(d) it imparts a modulating signal to the first transfer electrode within another one cycle different from the above at timing having a phase difference of 90° with respect to the modulating signal of the radiated light and imparts to the second transfer electrode a modulating signal reversed in phase to the modulating signal imparted to the first transfer electrode, and
the order of the first period and the second period within each of the above-described one cycles of (a) and (b) is the same, and
the order of the first period and the second period within each of the above-described one cycles of (c) and (d) is reversed to that within each of the one cycles of (a) and (b).