Catalyst and process for hydrogenating aromatics
The present invention relates to an eggshell catalyst comprising an active metal selected from the group consisting of ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, platinum and mixtures thereof, applied to a support material comprising silicon dioxide, wherein the pore volume of the support material is 0.6 to 1.0 ml/g, determined by Hg porosimetry, the BET surface area is 280 to 500 m 2 /g, and at least 90% of the pores present have a diameter of 6 to 12 nm, to a process for preparing this eggshell catalyst, to a process for hydrogenating an organic compound which comprises at least one hydrogenatable group using the eggshell catalyst, and to the use of the eggshell catalyst for hydrogenating an organic compound.
1. An eggshell catalyst comprising an active metal selected from the group consisting of ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, platinum and mixtures thereof, applied to a support material comprising silicon dioxide, wherein the pore volume of the support material is 0.6 to 1.0 ml/g, determined by Hg porosimetry, the BET surface area is 280 to 500 m 2 /g, and at least 90% of the pores present have a diameter of 6 to 12 nm, and the amount of the active metal is 0.25 to 0.35% by weight, based on the overall eggshell catalyst.
2. The eggshell catalyst according to claim 1 , wherein the dispersity of the active metal is 30 to 60%.
3. The eggshell catalyst according to claim 1 , wherein the surface area of the active metal is 0.2 to 0.8 m 2 /g.
4. The eggshell catalyst according to claim 1 , which has a tapped density of 400 to 600 g/l.
5. A process for preparing an eggshell catalyst according to claim 1 , comprising the steps of:
(A) impregnating the support material comprising silicon dioxide once or more than once with a solution comprising at least one precursor compound of the active metal,
(B) then drying,
(C) then reducing.
6. A process for hydrogenating an organic compound which comprises at least one hydrogenatable group, which comprises contacting the organic compound with at least one reducing agent and an eggshell catalyst according to claim 1 .
7. The process according to claim 6 , wherein the organic compound to be hydrogenated has at least one carbocyclic aromatic group which is hydrogenated to a corresponding carbocyclic aliphatic group, or has at least one aldehyde group which is hydrogenated to a corresponding alcohol function.
8. The process according to claim 7 , wherein the organic compound which has at least one carbocyclic aromatic group is selected from the group consisting of benzene, alkyl-substituted benzenes, phenol, alkyl-substituted phenols, aniline, alkyl-substituted aniline, N,N-dialkylaniline, diaminobenzene, bis(p-aminophenyl)methane, bis(p-aminotolyl)methane, aromatic carboxylic acids, aromatic carboxylic esters and mixtures thereof.
9. The process according to claim 7 , wherein the organic compound which is to be hydrogenated and has an aldehyde group is a mono- or disaccharide which is hydrogenated to the corresponding sugar alcohol.
10. The process according to claim 6 , wherein the hydrogenation is effected in a fixed bed reactor.