Nanocomposite structures and related methods and systems
The disclosure relates to nanotube composite structures and related methods and systems. In particular, structures, methods and systems are provided herein to allow for precise, tunable separation between nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes.
1. A linker polynucleotide spacing a first nanomaterial from a second nanomaterial, the linker polynucleotide comprising:
a first moiety directly attaching the first nanomaterial, the direct attachment between the first moiety and the first nanomaterial having a first affinity;
a second moiety distanced from the first moiety, directly attaching the second nanomaterial, the direct attachment between the second moiety and the second nanomaterial having a second affinity, the second affinity being lower than the first affinity; and
a spacer adapted to define a distance between the first nanomaterial and the second nanomaterial,
wherein the spacer and the second moiety are arranged in a hairpin structure having a stem and a loop in which the spacer is comprised in the stem of the hairpin structure and the second moiety is comprised in the loop of the hairpin structure, and in which the spacer presents the first moiety attached to the first nanomaterial.
2. The linker polynucleotide according to claim 1 , wherein the spacer comprises a polynucleotide duplex of between 3 and 200 base pairs.
3. The linker polynucleotide according to claim 1 , wherein the first moiety comprises a single stranded polynucleotide of at least 10 nucleotides.
4. The linker polynucleotide according to claim 1 , wherein the second moiety comprises a single stranded polynucleotide strand of between 1 and 15 nucleotides.
5. The linker polynucleotide according to claim 1 , wherein the direct attachment of at least one of the first moiety and the second moiety is performed through physisorption.
6. The linker polynucleotide according to claim 1 , wherein:
the first moiety comprises a single stranded polynucleotide of at least 10 nucleotides;
the second moiety comprises a single stranded polynucleotide strand of between 1 and 15 nucleotides; and
wherein the single stranded polynucleotide of the second moiety is shorter than the single stranded polynucleotide of the first moiety.
7. The linker polynucleotide according to claim 1 , wherein:
the first moiety comprises a single stranded polynucleotide;
the second moiety comprises a single stranded polynucleotide; and
wherein the single stranded polynucleotide of the second moiety is shorter than the single stranded polynucleotide of the first moiety, and the direct attachment is performed through physisorption.
8. The linker polynucleotide of claim 1 , wherein the first moiety, second moiety, and spacer are made from locked nucleic acids (LNA).
9. The linker polynucleotide of claim 1 , wherein the first moiety, second moiety, and spacer are made from peptide nucleic acids (PNA).
10. The linker of claim 1 , wherein the first nanomaterial and second nanomaterial comprise carbon nanotubes arranged in a ribbon shaped polynucleotide structure.
11. A nanoassembly configured to form an array of spaced and linked nanomaterials, the nanoassembly comprising at least one linker polynucleotide according to claim 1 .
12. The nanoassembly according to claim 11 , wherein the first nanomaterial is a carbon nanotube.
13. An array of spaced and linked nanomaterials, comprising a plurality of nanoassemblies according to claim 11 attached one to the other through respective second moieties thereof, wherein the first nanomaterial and/or the second nanomaterial of the plurality of nanoassemblies is attached to the second moiety of another nanoassembly of the plurality of nanoassemblies, the one and the other nanoassembly having a same first nanomaterial or second nanomaterial.
14. The array according to claim 13 , wherein some or all of the nanomaterials are carbon nanotubes.
15. The array according to claim 14 , wherein the nanomaterials are spaced substantially parallel to each other.
16. The array of claim 14 , wherein the carbon nanotubes are arranged in a two-dimensional array.
17. The array of claim 16 , wherein the array is on a surface on which the carbonanotubes are spaced.
18. The array of claim 14 , wherein the carbon nanotubes are arranged in a three-dimensional array.
19. The array of claim 14 , wherein the carbon nanotubes are arranged in a ribbon shaped polynucleotide structure.
20. The array of claim 14 , wherein the carbon nanotubes are arranged in a two dimensional sheet.
21. The array of claim 14 , wherein the carbon nanotubes are arranged in a vertically standing forest.
22. The array of claim 14 , wherein the carbon nanotubes are arranged in a film.
23. The array according to claim 13 , said array being on a surface on which the nanomaterials are spaced therebetween.
24. A method to produce an arrangement of spaced nanomaterials, comprising
providing at least two nanoassemblies according to claim 11 ;
providing a surface;
incubating the at least two nanoassemblies on the surface for a time and under conditions to allow self-assembly of the nanomaterials in the arrangement.
25. The method of claim 24 , wherein the surface is selected from the group consisting of silicon, mica, flexible polymer sheets, and glass.
26. The method of claim 24 , wherein the incubating of the nanoassemblies on the surface is performed by depositing the at least two nanoassemblies on the surface for up to 90 minutes in presence of a solution including a bivalent metallic cation.
27. The method of claim 24 , wherein the arrangement is located on the surface.
28. The method of claim 24 , wherein at least a portion of the arrangement is located outside the surface.
29. The method according to claim 24 , the method further comprising applying an aligning force to the nanoassemblies.
30. A composition comprising
at least one nanoassembly according to claim 11 , and
a suitable vehicle or diluent.
31. A system for formation of an arrangement of nanomaterials, comprising
at least two nanoassemblies according to claim 11 ;
a surface, adapted to allow formation of the arrangement comprising the at least two nanoassemblies; and
reagents suitable to allow self-assembly of the nanomaterials of the nanoassemblies on the surface,
the at least two nanoassemblies, the surface and the reagents adapted to be combined to allow formation of the arrangement of nanomaterials.
32. An arrangement of nanomaterials, comprising
at least two nanoassemblies arranged on a surface to form an array according to claim 13 in which the at least two nanoassemblies are parallel with each other.