Battery system for movable object and controlling method for the same
A battery system for a movable object is mounted on the movable object having a charger and a load unit including a plurality of loads electrically driven for different purposes. The battery system is provided with a plurality of battery packs, a power control circuit for changing a connection state between the battery packs and the charger and a connection state between the battery packs and the load unit, a memory unit for storing operation information, an estimation unit for estimating a power consumption pattern in the operation cycle based on the operation information and a controller for switching the power control circuit to cover the power consumption by the load unit according to the power consumption pattern.
1. A battery system for a movable object on which the battery system is mounted and which comprises a charger and a load unit including a travel load electrically driven for traveling the movable object and a work load electrically driven for performing an operation other than traveling the movable object, the battery system comprising:
a plurality of battery packs formed by connecting a plurality of secondary cells in series or in parallel;
a power control circuit for changing a connection state between the plurality of battery packs and the charger and a connection state between the plurality of battery packs and the load unit;
a memory for storing in advance operation information about operation patterns including an operation cycle including a travel cycle for traveling and stopping the movable object by the travel load and a work cycle for driving and stopping the work load and chargeability/non-chargeability that is set in accordance with the operation cycle; and
an estimation unit for estimating a power consumption pattern in the travel and work cycles based on the operation information stored in the memory,
wherein the power control circuit controls changing of the connection state between the plurality of battery packs and the load unit based on the power consumption pattern estimated by the estimation unit and the operation information stored in the memory, so as to control changing of a state of each of the plurality of battery packs among a charge state, a discharge state and a stand-by state to cover the power consumption of the load unit, the battery pack not being charged or discharged in the stand-by state.
2. The battery system for the movable object according to claim 1 ,
wherein the controller:
calculates an amount of power consumption during a prescribed period of time in the operation cycle based on the power consumption pattern having been estimated by the estimation unit; and
controls changing of the state of each of the plurality of battery packs among the charge state, the discharge state and the stand-by state using the power control circuit so that total power discharge from a battery pack of the plurality of battery packs during the prescribed period of time becomes greater than the calculated amount of power consumption, said battery pack of the plurality of battery packs discharging power to cover the power consumption.
3. The battery system for the movable object according to claim 2 , further comprising:
a charge level obtaining unit for obtaining a current charge level of the plurality of battery packs,
wherein the controller controls changing of the state of each of the plurality of battery packs among the charge state, the discharge state and the stand-by state using the power control circuit so as to keep the obtained charge level within a prescribed range.
4. The battery system for the movable object according to claim 2 , further comprising:
an input unit for inputting the operation information to the memory.
5. The battery system for the movable object according to claim 2 ,
wherein the plurality of secondary cells are lithium-ion cells.
6. The battery system for the movable object according to claim 1 ,
wherein the controller:
calculates an amount of power consumption during a prescribed period of time in the operation cycle based on the power consumption pattern having been estimated by the estimation unit; and
controls changing of the state of each of the plurality of battery packs among the charge state, the discharge state and the stand-by state using the power control circuit at a position where the movable object stops so that total power discharge from a battery pack of the plurality of battery packs during the prescribed period of time becomes the closest to the calculated amount of power consumption, said battery pack of the plurality of battery packs discharging power to cover the power consumption.
7. The battery system for the movable object according to claim 6 , further comprising:
a charge level obtaining unit for obtaining a current charge level of the plurality of battery packs,
wherein the controller controls changing of the state of each of the plurality of battery packs among the charge state, the discharge state and the stand-by state using the power control circuit so as to keep the obtained charge level within a prescribed range.
8. The battery system for the movable object according to claim 6 , further comprising:
an input unit for inputting the operation information to the memory.
9. The battery system for the movable object according to claim 6 ,
wherein the plurality of secondary cells are lithium-ion cells.
10. The battery system for the movable object according to claim 1 , further comprising:
a charge level obtaining unit for obtaining a current charge level of the plurality of battery packs,
wherein the controller controls changing of the state of each of the plurality of battery packs among the charge state, the discharge state and the stand-by state using the power control circuit so as to keep the obtained charge level within a prescribed range.
11. The battery system for the movable object according to claim 10 , further comprising:
an input unit for inputting the operation information to the memory.
12. The battery system for the movable object according to claim 10 ,
wherein the plurality of secondary cells are lithium-ion cells.
13. The battery system for the movable object according to claim 1 , further comprising:
an input unit for inputting the operation information to the memory.
14. The battery system for the movable object according to claim 13 ,
wherein the operation cycle is settable and the state of the each battery group is selectable from the charge state, the discharge state and the stand-by state for each operation cycle by means of the input unit.
15. The battery system for the movable object according to claim 14 ,
wherein the travel load and the work load are drivable independently.
16. The battery system for the movable object according to claim 14 ,
wherein the plurality of secondary cells are lithium-ion cells.
17. The battery system for the movable object according to claim 13 ,
wherein the plurality of secondary cells are lithium-ion cells.
18. The battery system for the movable object according to claim 1 ,
wherein the plurality of secondary cells are lithium-ion cells.
19. An industrial vehicle comprising the battery system for the movable object described in claim 1 .
20. A method of controlling a battery system for a movable object on which the battery system is mounted and which comprises a charger and a load unit including a travel load electrically driven for traveling the movable object and a work load electrically driven for performing an operation other than traveling the movable object, the battery system comprising a plurality of battery packs formed by connecting a plurality of secondary cells in series or in parallel and a power control circuit for changing a connection state between each of the plurality of battery packs and the charger and a connection state between each of the plurality of battery packs and the load unit, said method comprising the steps of:
storing in advance information about operation patterns including chargeability/non-chargeability that is set in accordance with an operation cycle including a travel cycle for traveling and stopping the movable object by the travel load and a work cycle for driving and stopping the work load;
estimating a power consumption pattern in the travel and work cycles based on the stored operation information; and
controlling changing of a connection state between the battery pack and the load unit by means of the power control circuit based on the estimated power consumption power and the stored operation information so as to control changing of a state of each of the plurality of battery packs among a charge state, a discharge state and a stand-by state to cover the power consumption of the load unit, the battery pack not being charged or discharged in the stand-by state.