Folding switch
View Patent ↗The invention relates to a switch and to a method for transporting and installing such a switch, which is equipped with longitudinal sleepers, the sleeper sections ( 2, 3 ) of which are or can be coupled in a flexurally stiff manner by means of a connecting device ( 16 ) embedded in the sleeper heads ( 4 ) so that the switch can be folded for space-saving transport. The divided longitudinal sleepers are oriented relative to each other and installed in such a way that the joints of the longitudinal sleepers are aligned along a straight line, which thus can serve as a rotational axis for folding up a side of the switch. The joints aligned on the rotational axis act similarly to a hinge band so that complete switch segments, such as a switch end part or the core region, can be folded along the line.
1. A switch, the sleepers of which at least partially consist of several divided longitudinal sleepers that respectively consist of at least two sleeper sections that respectively are or can be coupled in a flexurally rigid fashion by means of a connecting device embedded in the sleeper heads, wherein the connecting device simultaneously has a hinge function, wherein hinges are oriented and installed in such a way that the hinges are aligned along a straight line that can serve as a pivoting axis for folding up one switch side.
2. The switch according to claim 1 , wherein the connecting device is realized in the form of a bolt connection with at least two bolts, wherein the bolts connect parallel web plates that are respectively arranged on the head end of the sleeper section heads to be connected to one another in such a way that the flexurally rigid connection is produced when the bolts are tightened and, when loosening one bolt and removing the remaining bolts, the web plates are able to pivot relative to one another about the remaining bolt such that the connection acts as a hinge.
3. The switch according to claim 2 , wherein the connecting device is realized in such a way that the web plates have a fixed limit stop referring to the pivoting motion about the hinge axes.
4. The switch according to claim 2 , wherein the connecting device is realized in such a way that fitting bolts connect the web plates to one another.
5. The switch according to claim 1 , wherein the sleepers consist of prestressed concrete sleepers that in a region bordering on the connecting device respectively consist of concrete with greater strength than concrete in a remaining region.
6. The switch according to claim 5 , wherein the concrete with greater strength consists of concrete polymer.
7. The switch according to claim 5 , wherein the concrete with greater strength consists of high-performance or ultra high-performance concrete (UHPC/UHFB).
8. The switch according to claim 7 , wherein the high-performance or ultra high-performance concrete contains fibers, particularly steel fibers and/or plastic fibers and/or glass fibers and/or carbon fibers.
9. A method for transporting and installing a switch according to claim 1 , wherein the following steps are carried out:
completely preassembling a large switch component of switch segments such as the crossing area and a switch end part and of all components such as rails, check rails, crossing and mounting material on divided longitudinal sleepers that are connected with flexurally rigid connecting devices, said large switch component comprising a plurality of sleepers having hinges oriented and installed in such a way that the hinges are aligned along a straight line that can serve as a pivoting axis for folding up one switch side,
carrying out a quality check and an acceptance of the large switch component
removing part of bolts of the connecting device
folding over a movable part of the large switch component
securing the movable part
loading and transporting the large switch component to an installation site
unfolding the movable part of the large switch component back into an original position of the moveable part
installing and tightening the bolts.
10. The method for transporting a large switch component according to claim 9 , wherein the large switch component is in the folded state positioned on a standard car in such a way that a center of gravity of a load lies within a permissible range around a center of the car, wherein the load exceeds the permissible clearance gauge for a respective track section on a non-folded side of the switch.
11. The method for transporting a large switch component according to claim 9 , wherein the large switch component is in the folded state positioned on a standard car in such a way that a normal clearance gauge is not exceeded, wherein a center of gravity of a load is shifted into a permissible range around the center of the car with the aid of counterweights placed on a non-folded side of the large switch component.