Polyamide composition
The use of a polyamide including hydroxyaromatic units in order to increase the acid resistance of a polyamide composition is described. A polyamide composition comprising a polyamide that includes hydroxyaromatic units and use thereof for the manufacture of various plastic articles such as, for example, calibrated particles or injection-molded parts is also described. Such a composition is especially useful in the field of the recovery of slurries, liquids and gases present in underground reservoirs, and in particular in the field of the extraction of hydrocarbons, such as crude oil or natural gas.
1. A method of recovering sludge, liquid or gas from an underground reservoir, said method comprising introducing a polyamide or polyamide composition having increased resistance to acids into an underground reservoir, said polyamide comprising hydroxyaromatic units and said polyamide composition comprising a polyamide comprising hydroxyaromatic units, wherein said hydroxyaromatic units are chemically bonded to the chain of the polyamide.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the hydroxyaromatic units are chemically bonded to the chain of the polyamide by polymerization or by melt blending.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the polyamide is selected from the group consisting of polyamide 6, polyamide 6.6, polyamide 6.10, polyimide 11, polyimide 12, polyamide 6.12, poly(m-xylylene adipamide), polyamide 6.6/6.T, polyamide 6.6/6.I, and blends and copolyamides thereof.
4. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the hydroxyaromatic compound exhibits at least one functional group capable of reacting with functional groups of the polyamide or of monomers of the polyamide.
5. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the hydroxyaromatic compound is represented by the following formula (I):
(HO) x —Z-(F) n (I)
in which:
Z is a polyvalent aromatic or arylaliphatic hydrocarbon radical,
x is between 1 and 10,
F is an acid, aldehyde, amine or ketone functional group capable of becoming bonded to an acid or amine functional group of the monomers of the polyamide, and
n is between 1 and 5.
6. The method as claimed in claim 5 , wherein Z is a polyvalent radical selected from the group consisting of: benzene, methylbenzene, naphthalene, biphenyl, diphenyl ether, diphenyl sulfide, diphenyl sulfone, ditolyl ether, xylylene, diethylbenzene and pyridine.
7. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the hydroxyaromatic compound is selected from the group consisting of: 2-hydroxyterephthalic acid, 5-hydroxyisophthalic acid, 4-hydroxyisophthalic acid, 2,5-dihydroxyterephthalic acid, 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid or gallic acid, 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, 3,5-diaminophenol, 5-hydroxy-m-xylylenediamine, 3-aminophenol, 3-amino-4-methylphenol and 3-hydroxy-5-aminobenzoic acid.
8. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the molar proportion of hydroxyaromatic compound, with respect to all the monomers forming the polyamide, is between 0.1% and 100%.
9. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the polyamide composition comprises at least one reinforcing and/or bulking filler selected from the group consisting of glass fibers, carbon fibers, aramid fibers, clays, kaolin, mica, wollastonite, silica, talc, graphite, silicon carbide and nanoparticles.
10. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the polyamide composition is used as a filter for recovery of sludge, liquid or gas present in underground reservoirs.
11. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said polyamide or polyamide composition is used under the form of a graded particle, exhibiting a mean particle size (D50) of between 0.2 mm and 2 mm.
12. The method as claimed in claim 8 , wherein the molar proportion of hydroxyaromatic compound is between 1% and 70%.
13. The method as claimed in claim 8 , wherein the molar proportion of hydroxyaromatic compound is between 0.5% and 60%.
14. The method as claimed in claim 8 , wherein the molar proportion of the hydroxyaromatic compound is between 2.5% and 50%.
15. The method as claimed in claim 10 , wherein the filter is used for extraction of hydrocarbons.
16. The method as claimed in claim 15 , wherein the hydrocarbons are crude oil or natural gas.